Icyemezo cya CE vs FCC: Ni iki gikenewe mu kugurisha amatara ya EU / Amerika?

Kugurishaamataramuri EU cyangwa Amerika bisaba kubahiriza ibipimo byihariye byemeza. Icyemezo cya CE cyemeza ko ibicuruzwa byujuje umutekano w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, ubuzima, n’ibidukikije, mu gihe icyemezo cya FCC cyemeza ko hubahirizwa itumanaho ry’Amerika n’ibipimo bya elegitoroniki. Kutubahiriza amategeko bishobora kuvamo ingaruka zikomeye, harimo ihazabu, kwibutsa ibicuruzwa, cyangwa guhagarika isoko. Inzego zishinzwe kugenzura nka OSHA zubahiriza aya mahame yo kurinda abaguzi no gukomeza kwizerwa ku bicuruzwa. Ababikora bagomba gushyira imbere kubona ibyemezo byamatara nkenerwa kugirango birinde ingaruka zemewe n amategeko kandi barebe ko isoko ryinjira.

Ibyingenzi

• Icyemezo cya CE kirasabwa kugurisha amatara muri EU. Iremeza neza ko ibicuruzwa byujuje umutekano, ubuzima, n’ibidukikije.
• Icyemezo cya FCC kirakenewe kumatara yo muri Amerika, cyane cyane afite ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki. Birababuza guhungabanya ibimenyetso byitumanaho.
• Kugirango ubone ibyemezo bya CE na FCC, ibigo bigomba kugerageza ibicuruzwa no gukora raporo zirambuye. Ibi birerekana ko ibicuruzwa bifite umutekano kandi bigakurikiza amategeko.
• Kurenga ku mategeko ya CE cyangwa FCC birashobora gutera ibibazo bikomeye, nkamande cyangwa gukuramo ibicuruzwa hanze. Kubona ibyemezo bifasha kwirinda ibibazo byemewe n'amategeko.
• Kwiga ibijyanye no guhindura amategeko no gukorana nabahanga birashobora gutuma ibyemezo byoroha kandi bigafasha kugurisha ibicuruzwa ahantu henshi.

Incamake yicyemezo cya Flashlight

Icyemezo cya CE ni iki?

Icyemezo cya CE ni itegeko risabwa kumatara yagurishijwe mubukungu bwuburayi (EEA). Bisobanura ko ibicuruzwa byubahiriza amabwiriza y’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi bijyanye n'umutekano, ubuzima, no kurengera ibidukikije. Ababikora bagomba kubona iki cyemezo kugirango babone isoko ryu Burayi byemewe n'amategeko. Ikimenyetso cya CE ku itara ryizeza abakiriya ko ibicuruzwa byujuje ubuziranenge bwa EU.

Gahunda yo gutanga ibyemezo ikubiyemo ibintu byinshi byingenzi:

• Amabwiriza ya EMCiremeza amashanyarazi.
• Amabwiriza ya LVDikemura umutekano w'amashanyarazi.
• Amabwiriza atukuraikoreshwa mubikoresho bya radio.

Kugirango ugere ku cyemezo cya CE, abayikora bakurikiza inzira itunganijwe:

1. Menya ibipimo bifatika bijyanye n'amatara.
2. Kora ibizamini no gusuzuma, haba imbere cyangwa binyuze mumubiri wabimenyeshejwe.
3. Gukusanya ibyangombwa bya tekiniki kugirango werekane ko byubahirizwa.
4. Tanga Itangazo ryo Guhuza.
5. Shyira ikimenyetso cya CE kubicuruzwa.

Mugukurikiza izi ntambwe, abayikora bagaragaza ubushake bwabo bwo gukora amatara yizewe kandi yizewe kumasoko yuburayi.

Icyemezo cya FCC ni iki?

Icyemezo cya FCC ni ngombwa ku matara yagurishijwe muri Amerika, cyane cyane afite ibikoresho bya elegitoronike bisohora radiyo. Iki cyemezo cyemeza kubahiriza amabwiriza ya FCC Igice cya 15, agenga ibikoresho bikorera kuri frequence ya 9 kHz cyangwa irenga. Irinda kwivanga nibindi bikoresho bya elegitoroniki, bigumana ubusugire bwa sisitemu yitumanaho.

Abakora inganda bashaka icyemezo cya FCC bagomba kuba bujuje ibisabwa:

• Tegura inyandiko zirambuye, zirimo raporo y'ibizamini n'ibisobanuro bya tekiniki.
• Kora ibizamini muri laboratoire zemewe kugirango urebe niba byubahirizwa.
• Tanga ibyangombwa bikenewe muri FCC kugirango ubyemeze.

Ibikoresho bisanzwe bisaba icyemezo cya FCC birimo amatara ya Wi-Fi, amatara ya Bluetooth, nibindi bicuruzwa bya elegitoroniki bigezweho. Kubona iki cyemezo, ababikora bemeza ko amatara yabo yujuje ubuziranenge bwa Amerika, bigatuma isoko ryinjira neza.

Impamyabumenyi zombi za CE na FCC zifite uruhare runini mubyemezo byamatara. Mu gihe CE yibanda ku mutekano no kubahiriza ibidukikije mu Burayi, FCC yemeza ko amashanyarazi akoreshwa muri Amerika Hamwe, byorohereza ubucuruzi ku isi ndetse no kwizerana ku baguzi.

Itandukaniro ryingenzi hagati ya CE na FCC Impamyabumenyi

Ikoreshwa ryakarere

Impamyabumenyi za CE na FCC zitanga amasoko atandukanye. Icyemezo cya CE kireba ibicuruzwa byagurishijwe mu karere k’ubukungu bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi (EEA). Iremeza kubahiriza amabwiriza y’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi ajyanye n’umutekano, ubuzima, no kurengera ibidukikije. Ibinyuranye, icyemezo cya FCC ni itegeko kubikoresho bya elegitoronike bigurishwa muri Amerika. Yibanze ku kugenzura ibyuka byangiza amashanyarazi kugirango birinde kwivanga muri sisitemu yitumanaho. Ababikora bagomba kugena isoko ryibanze ryaboamatarakumenya inzira ikwiye.

Ibipimo n'ibisabwa

Ibipimo byo gupima CE na FCC ibyemezo biratandukanye cyane. Icyemezo cya CE gikubiyemo gusuzuma byimazeyo umutekano wibicuruzwa, guhuza amashanyarazi (EMC), nubudahangarwa. Iremeza ko itara rikora neza kandi ntirivange nibindi bikoresho. Icyemezo cya FCC, ariko, cyibanda gusa ku gupima imyuka. Ntabwo ikubiyemo ubudahangarwa cyangwa gupima umutekano. Imbonerahamwe ikurikira irerekana itandukaniro:

Abakora inganda bashaka icyemezo cya CE bagomba kuba bujuje ibyangombwa byinshi byo kwipimisha ugereranije nicyemezo cya FCC. Ibi byemeza ko amatara yujuje ubuziranenge bwumutekano n’ibipimo biteganijwe ku isoko ry’Uburayi.

Inyandiko na label

Impamyabumenyi zombi zisaba inyandiko zirambuye hamwe na label ikwiye, ariko umwihariko uratandukanye. Icyemezo cya CE gitegeka gutegura dosiye ya tekiniki, ikubiyemo raporo y'ibizamini, gusuzuma ingaruka, hamwe n'Itangazo rihuza. Ikimenyetso cya CE kigomba gushyirwa ku bicuruzwa, bisobanura kubahiriza amahame y’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi. Icyemezo cya FCC gisaba raporo y'ibizamini, ibisobanuro bya tekiniki, n'indangamuntu ya FCC. Indangamuntu ya FCC igomba kwerekanwa ku bicuruzwa, ikemeza ko ikurikiranwa kandi ryubahiriza amabwiriza ya Amerika. Inyandiko nziza hamwe na labels nibyingenzi kugirango isoko ryinjire neza kandi byubahirizwe.

Gushyira mu bikorwa n'ibihano byo kutubahiriza

Kutubahiriza ibyangombwa bya CE na FCC birashobora gutanga ingaruka zikomeye kubabikora. Inzego zishinzwe kugenzura ibikorwa by’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi na Amerika zikurikiza ibihano bikaze kugira ngo hubahirizwe umutekano n’ibipimo ngenderwaho. Izi ngamba zirengera abaguzi no gukomeza ubusugire bwisoko.

Mu Muryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, kutubahiriza ibipimo ngenderwaho bya CE birashobora gutuma ibicuruzwa byongera guhamagarwa, kubuzwa kugurisha, cyangwa ibihano by’amafaranga. Abayobozi barashobora gutanga amande ashingiye ku buremere bw’iryo hohoterwa. Kurugero, ibigo mubice bikomeye, nkubuvuzi, birasuzumwa cyane. Kutubahiriza izo nganda birashobora gutuma habaho kuburana, gufungwa, ndetse no kwamburwa impushya zo gukora. Ababikora bagomba gushyira imbere kubahiriza kugirango birinde izo ngaruka kandi barinde izina ryabo.

Muri Amerika, Komisiyo ishinzwe itumanaho (FCC) ishyira mu bikorwa ibihano kubera kutubahiriza ibyangombwa byayo. Ibicuruzwa bitujuje ubuziranenge bwa FCC birashobora kwibutswa cyangwa kuvanwa ku isoko. Ibihano byamafaranga nabyo birashobora kuba byinshi. Muri 2019, impuzandengo y'ihazabu yo kutayubahiriza yageze kuri miliyoni 145.33 z'amadolari y'Amerika. Ibi bihano byerekana akamaro ko gukurikiza amabwiriza ya FCC, cyane cyane kubikoresho bya elegitoronike bisohora radiyo.

Ababikora barashobora kugabanya izo ngaruka mugushira mubikorwa uburyo bwiza bwo kugenzura ubuziranenge. Kwemeza ibipimo byemewe ku rwego mpuzamahanga, nka ISO9001 na BSCI ibyemezo, byemeza ko byubahirizwa. Kwipimisha buri gihe ukoresheje ibikoresho bigezweho, nkimashini 30 zo kugerageza ziboneka mubikoresho bimwe na bimwe, birashobora kurushaho kuzamura ibicuruzwa byizewe. Mugihe cyujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa, ababikora bagaragaza ubushake bwabo bwo gukora amatara meza kandi meza.

Impamyabumenyini ngombwa mu kugera ku masoko yisi. Kutubahiriza amategeko ntibibangamira gusa kwinjira ku isoko ahubwo binagaragaza abayikora ku ngaruka zikomeye z’amafaranga n’amategeko. Ingamba zifatika, zirimo kwipimisha neza hamwe ninyandiko ziboneye, zirashobora gufasha ubucuruzi kwirinda ibyo bihano no gukomeza kugirira ikizere abaguzi.

Intambwe zo Kubona CE Icyemezo cya Amatara

Menya Amabwiriza akurikizwa

Ababikora bagomba gutangira gahunda yo kwemeza CE berekana amabwiriza nibipimo bijyanye n'amatara yabo. Iyi ntambwe yemeza kubahiriza amabwiriza y’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi kandi ikirinda amakosa ahenze nyuma yimikorere.

Kugirango umenye amabwiriza akurikizwa, abayikora bagomba:

1. Sobanura uwagenewe gukoresha itara.
2. Suzuma imiterere aho itara rizakoreshwa.
3. Kugaragaza niba itara rigenewe urugo, inganda, cyangwa ubuhinzi.
4. Menya isoko ugamije kandi urebe ingingo zose zigihugu.

Nyuma yo gusobanura ibi bintu, ababikora bagomba kugenzura ibicuruzwa byihariye kandi bakamenya ibipimo bihujwe. Kumatara, ibi bikubiyemo akenshi Amashanyarazi Mucyo (LVD) hamwe nubuyobozi bwa Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC). Bibaye ngombwa, bagomba guhuza urwego rwamenyeshejwe kugirango bakore isuzuma ryigenga ryigenga. Kumenya neza aya mabwiriza ashyiraho urufatiro rwo gutsinda neza amatara.

ImyitwarireGupima ibicuruzwa

Kwipimisha ibicuruzwa nintambwe ikomeye mubikorwa byo kwemeza CE. Iremeza ko itara ryujuje ubuziranenge, ubuzima, n’ibidukikije bisabwa n’amabwiriza y’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi. Ikizamini kigomba gukorwa hubahirijwe ibipimo byahujwe.

Ababikora bagomba gukoresha laboratoire zemewe kugirango bakore ibizamini bijyanye na electromagnetic ihuza, umutekano w'amashanyarazi, n'ingaruka ku bidukikije. Kurugero, amatara hamwe na bateri yumuriro agomba gukorerwa ibizamini bikomeye kugirango yemeze kubahiriza LVD. Moderi yimbaraga nyinshi, nkibifite 1000-lumen isohoka, bisaba isuzuma ryinyongera kugirango barebe ko bitabangamira ibindi bikoresho bya elegitoroniki.

Igeragezwa ryukuri kandi ryuzuye ntirigaragaza gusa kubahiriza ahubwo ryongera ibicuruzwa byizewe. Ababikora bafite sisitemu yo gucunga neza, nka ISO9001 ibyemezo, akenshi borohereza iyi ntambwe kandi bigabanya ibyago byo kutubahiriza.

Tegura ibyangombwa bya tekiniki

Tekiniki ya tekiniki ikora nk'ikimenyetso cyerekana ko itara ryubahiriza amabwiriza ya EU. Igomba kuba yuzuye, itunganijwe neza, kandi byoroshye kuboneka kugirango igenzurwe ninzego zibishinzwe.

Inyandiko zigomba kubamo:

• Ibisobanuro rusange byamatara.
• Igishushanyo nogukora ibishushanyo, harimo ibishushanyo mbonera.
• Ibisobanuro by'ibishushanyo n'ibishushanyo.
• Urutonde rwibipimo bihujwe kandi bidahuye bikoreshwa mugihe cyo kwipimisha.
• Raporo y'ibizamini, gusuzuma ibyago, hamwe nibisobanuro bihuye nibice byingenzi.
• Amabwiriza yo gukoresha na kopi y'Itangazo rihuza.

Inyandiko zuzuye cyangwa zateguwe nabi ni ikosa risanzwe rishobora gutinza ibyemezo. Ababikora bagomba gushyira imbere ukuri no guhuza abahanga nibiba ngombwa kugirango bubahirize. Mugukomeza inyandiko zirambuye, berekana ubushake bwabo bwo gukora amatara meza kandi yujuje ubuziranenge kumasoko yuburayi.

Shyiramo ikimenyetso cya CE

Gushiraho ikimenyetso cya CE nintambwe yanyuma mugikorwa cyo gutanga ibyemezo. Iki kimenyetso gikora nk'itangazo rigaragara ko itara ryujuje amabwiriza yose y’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi. Abahinguzi bagomba gukurikiza umurongo ngenderwaho kugirango barebe neza kandi bakoreshe ikimenyetso cya CE.

Kugirango ushireho ikimenyetso cya CE neza, ababikora bagomba:

1. Menya neza ko itara ryujuje amabwiriza yose y’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, nk’Ubuyobozi Buke bwa Voltage (LVD) hamwe n’ubuyobozi bwa Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC).
2. Menya neza ko inyandiko za tekiniki hamwe n’itangazo ryuzuzanya byuzuye kandi byuzuye.
3. Shira ikimenyetso cya CE ku bicuruzwa ubwabyo, ibipfunyika, cyangwa inyandiko ziherekeza, urebe ko bikomeza kugaragara, bisomeka, kandi ntibisibangana.

Ikimenyetso cya CE kigomba kubahiriza ibisobanuro birambuye. Igomba kugumana uburebure bwa mm 5 kandi igakurikiza ibipimo byagereranijwe mu mabwiriza y’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi. Gutandukana kwibi bisabwa bishobora kuvamo ibihano bitubahirijwe.

Inama: Abakora bafite ISO9001 hamwe na sisitemu yubuziranenge yemewe na BSCI akenshi borohereza iyi ntambwe. Izi mpamyabumenyi zerekana ubushake bwo kubahiriza ubuziranenge no kubahiriza amabwiriza.

Ikimenyetso cya CE ntabwo cyorohereza isoko gusa ahubwo binubaka ikizere cyabaguzi. Yizeza abaguzi ko itara ryujuje ubuziranenge bukomeye, ubuzima, n’ibidukikije. Ku bakora, iki kimenyetso cyerekana inyungu zo guhatanira, cyane cyane ku isoko aho kwizerwa no gukora ari ngombwa.

Mugukurikiza aya mabwiriza, abayikora barashobora gushiraho icyizere ikimenyetso cya CE, bakemeza ko amatara yabo yujuje ibisabwa na EU kandi biteguye gukwirakwizwa mubukungu bwuburayi.

Intambwe zo Kubona Icyemezo cya FCC kumatara

Menya Ubwoko bwa FCC Ibikoresho

Ababikora bagomba kubanza kumenya ubwoko bwibikoresho byemewe bya FCC kumatara yabo. Iyi ntambwe yemeza kubahiriza amabwiriza y’Amerika agenga ibikoresho bya elegitoronike bisohora radiyo. FCC itanga uburyo bubiri bwibanze bwo gutanga uburenganzira, nkuko byavuzwe hepfo:

Amatara afite ibintu byateye imbere, nk'umuyoboro udahuza cyangwa urumuri rwinshi cyane, bisaba inzira yo Kwemeza. Ababikora bagomba gusuzuma neza ibicuruzwa byabo kugirango bamenye inzira nziza.

Kora Ikizamini muri Laboratwari Yemewe

Kwipimisha muri laboratoire yemewe ni intambwe ikomeye yo kubona icyemezo cya FCC. Laboratwari zemewe zemeza ko amatara yujuje ubuziranenge bwa tekiniki asabwa kugirango yubahirizwe. Guhitamo laboratoire iburyo bikubiyemo gusuzuma ibintu byinshi byingenzi:

Mugihe cyo kwipimisha, laboratoire isuzuma itara rya electromagnetic yangiza kugirango barebe ko bitabangamira ibindi bikoresho. Moderi ikora cyane, nkibifite umusaruro wa 1000-lumen, isuzumwa rikomeye kugirango igenzure niba amabwiriza ya FCC Igice cya 15. Ababikora bagomba gufatanya cyane na laboratoire kugirango bakemure ibibazo byose bivuka mugihe cyo kwipimisha.

Tanga ibyangombwa muri FCC

Nyuma yo kurangiza ibizamini, ababikora bagomba gukusanya no gutanga ibyangombwa bisabwa muri FCC. Iyi nyandiko yerekana kubahiriza ibipimo bya FCC kandi ikubiyemo amakuru arambuye kubyerekeye itara.

Laboratwari yipimisha itegura raporo yuzuye, ikubiyemo ibisobanuro byerekana itara, inzira yikizamini, nibisubizo. Inyandiko zinyongera, nkibitabo byabakoresha nibisobanuro bya tekiniki, nabyo birakenewe. Ibi bikoresho byashyikirijwe FCC kugirango bisuzumwe. FCC isuzuma amakuru kugirango hamenyekane niba itara ryujuje ubuziranenge bukenewe.

Inyandiko nziza ni ngombwa kugirango ubone icyemezo cya FCC. Ababikora bagomba kwemeza ko ibikoresho byose byuzuye kandi byuzuye kugirango birinde gutinda mubikorwa. Mugukurikiza izi ntambwe, barashobora kuyobora neza inzira yo gutanga ibyemezo no kubona isoko ryamerika.

Shaka indangamuntu ya FCC hanyuma wandike ibicuruzwa

Kubona indangamuntu ya FCC nintambwe yingenzi mubikorwa byo kwemeza amatara hamwe nibikoresho bya elegitoroniki. Ikiranga kidasanzwe gihuza ibicuruzwa ninyandiko zubahiriza mububiko bwa FCC, byemeza gukurikiranwa no kubahiriza amabwiriza. Ababikora bagomba gukurikiza inzira itunganijwe kugirango barinde ID FCC kandi bandike neza ibicuruzwa byabo.

Kugirango ubone indangamuntu ya FCC, abayikora bagomba gutanga ibisubizo byikizamini hamwe nibyangombwa bya tekiniki mubyemezo byemewe na FCC byemewe (TCB). TCB isuzuma itara ryubahiriza amabwiriza ya FCC Igice cya 15. Bimaze kwemezwa, TCB igenera indangamuntu ya FCC, ihinduka ikiranga gihoraho kubicuruzwa. Iyi ndangamuntu igomba gushyirwa mubyangombwa byose kandi ikerekanwa kumatara.

Kwandika neza ni ngombwa kimwe n'amatara yemewe ya FCC. Ibirango bisabwa byemeza ko abaguzi nubuyobozi bugenzura bashobora kumenya byoroshye ibikoresho byujuje ibisabwa. Ababikora bagomba kubahiriza amabwiriza akurikira:

• Erekana ikirango cya FCC cyangwa ikiranga kumatara cyangwa gupakira.
• Shyiramo amagambo yubahirizwa mubitabo byabakoresha cyangwa bipfunyika, byemeza ko igikoresho cyubahiriza amabwiriza ya FCC Igice cya 15.

Inama: Ikirango cya FCC kigomba kuguma kigaragara, gisomeka, kandi ntigisibangana mubuzima bwibicuruzwa. Kutubahiriza ibipimo ngenderwaho birashobora kuvamo ibihano cyangwa kubuza isoko.

Mugukurikiza izi ntambwe, abayikora bagaragaza ubwitange bwabo kubwiza no kubahiriza. Ibigo bifite ibyemezo bya ISO9001 na BSCI akenshi byoroshya iki gikorwa, bigakoresha sisitemu nziza yubuziranenge hamwe nibikoresho bigerageza. Kumenyekanisha neza ntabwo byemeza gusa kubahiriza amabwiriza ahubwo binongera ikizere cyumuguzi, ugashyira itara nkigicuruzwa cyizewe kandi cyiza cyane kumasoko yo muri Amerika.

Ibibazo bisanzwe hamwe ninama za Flashlight Impamyabumenyi

Kuyobora Amabwiriza akomeye

Kugenda ahantu nyaburanga hagaragara ibyemezo bya flashlight birashobora kuba bitoroshye. Buri soko rifite ibisabwa byihariye, kandi ababikora bagomba gukomeza kumenyeshwa amakuru agezweho. Kurugero, Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’i Burayi ushyira mu bikorwa amabwiriza nka Diregiteri Ntoya (LVD) hamwe n’ubuyobozi bwa Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC). Muri Amerika, Komisiyo ishinzwe itumanaho (FCC) igenga ibikoresho bya elegitoronike bisohora radiyo. Gusobanura nabi aya mabwiriza birashobora gutuma umuntu atubahiriza amategeko, bikavamo amande cyangwa ibicuruzwa byibutswe.

Ababikora bagomba gufata inzira ihamye yo gucunga ibyo bibazo. Barashobora gutangira kumenya ibyemezo byihariye bisabwa kumasoko yabo. Buri gihe kugisha inama inzego zishinzwe kugenzura no gusohora inganda zifasha gukomeza kubagezaho impinduka. Gufatanya ninzobere mu gutanga ibyemezo nabyo bitanga ubushishozi bwingamba zo kubahiriza. Izi ntambwe zituma ababikora bakomeza gukora kandi bakirinda amakosa ahenze.

Kugenzura Ikizamini Cyuzuye

Kwipimisha neza hamwe ninyandiko zuzuye nibyingenzi kugirango batsinde neza amatara. Kwipimisha bigenzura ko ibicuruzwa byujuje umutekano n’ibipimo ngenderwaho, mugihe ibyangombwa byerekana ko byubahirijwe. Amakosa muri buri gace arashobora gutinza ibyemezo cyangwa biganisha ku kwangwa.

Kugirango umenye neza, ababikora bagomba gukurikiza imikorere myiza:

• Menya ibyemezo bijyanye ukurikije ibisabwa ku isoko.
• Gabanya ibipimo ngenderwaho kandi uhugure abakozi ukurikije.
• Korana ninzego zipima zemewe kugirango zemeze kwigenga.
• Kora ubugenzuzi busanzwe kugirango ukomeze kubahiriza igihe.

Ibyiza-byujuje ibyangombwa bigomba kubamo raporo yikizamini kirambuye, ibisobanuro bya tekiniki, nigitabo cyabakoresha. Ababikora bafite sisitemu yubuziranenge yemewe na ISO9001 bakunze koroshya iki gikorwa, bagakoresha uburyo bwabo bukomeye kugirango barebe neza. Mugushira imbere ukuri, bongera ibicuruzwa byizewe kandi byubaka ikizere cyabaguzi.

Gukorana n'impuguke zemeza

Impuguke mu gutanga impamyabumenyi zigira uruhare runini mu koroshya inzira yo kubahiriza. Aba banyamwuga bafite ubumenyi bwimbitse bwibipimo ngenderwaho hamwe nuburyo bwo gupima. Bayobora ababikora muri buri ntambwe, kuva kumenya amabwiriza akurikizwa kugeza gutegura inyandiko tekinike.

Guhuza abahanga bitanga ibyiza byinshi. Bafasha ababikora gusobanura amabwiriza akomeye no kwirinda imitego isanzwe. Uburambe bwabo hamwe na laboratoire yipimisha butanga isuzuma ryiza kandi ryukuri. Byongeye kandi, abahanga batanga inama zidasanzwe, zifasha ababikora gukemura ibibazo byihariye. Ibigo bifite uburambe bunini, nkabafite imyaka 10 yo kohereza no gukora ibicuruzwa, akenshi bifatanya ninzobere mugutezimbere ibyemezo byabo.

Mugukorana ninzobere zimpamyabumenyi, abayikora barashobora kuyobora inzitizi zubuyobozi neza. Ubu bufatanye ntabwo butuma hubahirizwa gusa ahubwo bwihutisha kwinjira ku isoko, butanga ubucuruzi ku ipiganwa.

Kugumaho Kuvugurura Impinduka Zigenga

Guhindura amabwiriza birashobora guhindura cyane ibyemezo byamatara, bigatuma biba ngombwa ko ababikora bakomeza kumenyeshwa. Impamyabumenyi zombi za CE na FCC zivugurura kenshi ibipimo byazo kugirango bikemure iterambere mu ikoranabuhanga no guteza imbere umutekano. Abahinguzi bananiwe gukurikirana izi mpinduka barashobora kutubahiriza amategeko, bishobora kuganisha ku bihano cyangwa kubuza isoko isoko.

Kugirango ukomeze kuvugururwa, ababikora bagomba gufata inzira yibikorwa. Gusubiramo buri gihe ibitabo byemewe n’inzego zishinzwe kugenzura, nka komisiyo y’uburayi ishinzwe ibyemezo bya CE na komisiyo ishinzwe itumanaho (FCC) ku bipimo by’Amerika, ni ngombwa. Kwiyandikisha mubinyamakuru byinganda no kwitabira ibikorwa byubucuruzi nabyo bitanga ubushishozi bwimpinduka zimirije. Gufatanya ninzobere zemeza ibyemezo bituma ababikora bahabwa inama mugihe gikwiye kubicuruzwa byabo.

Amakuru agezweho yerekana akamaro ko gukomeza kumenyeshwa. Imbonerahamwe ikurikira irerekana ibyemezo byingenzi nibice byibandwaho:

Ababikora bafite sisitemu nziza, nka ISO9001 na BSCI ibyemezo, akenshi borohereza kubahiriza aya mahame agenda ahinduka. Ibikoresho byo kwipimisha bigezweho, bifite imashini zigerageza 30, zituma isuzuma ryuzuye rihuza namabwiriza agezweho. Ibigo bifite uburambe bunini bwo kohereza no gukora ibicuruzwa, bimara imyaka icumi, bifashisha ubuhanga bwabo kugirango bihuze vuba nimpinduka.

Customisation nayo igira uruhare runini mukuzuza ibisabwa bishya. Kudoda amatara kugirango yubahirize amabwiriza yihariye yemeza ibyemezo bidasubirwaho. Kurugero, guhuza ibintu nka electromagnetic ikingira cyangwa uburyo bwumutekano bwongerewe umutekano birashobora gukemura ibipimo bikaze. Mugushira imbere guhuza n'imihindagurikire no gukomeza ubufatanye bukomeye ninzobere mu kugenzura, ababikora barashobora kuyobora impinduka neza kandi bagakomeza guhangana ku isoko.

Inama: Gushiraho itsinda ryabigenewe ryubahiriza birashobora gufasha ababikora gukurikirana ibivugururwa no gushyira mubikorwa ibikenewe vuba.

Gukomeza kuvugururwa kumahinduka agenga amategeko ntabwo byubahiriza gusa ahubwo binashimangira izina ryumukoresha kubwizerwa nubwiza. Ubu buryo bwibikorwa byubaka abaguzi kandi butanga intsinzi yigihe kirekire kumasoko arushanwa.

Impamyabumenyi ya CE na FCC ni ngombwa mu kugera ku masoko y’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi n’Amerika, kugira ngo hubahirizwe umutekano w’akarere ndetse n’ibipimo ngenderwaho. Ababikora bungukirwa no gushushanya ibicuruzwa bafite ibyemezo mubitekerezo no gukora ibizamini mbere yo koroshya inzira. Izi mpamyabumenyi zorohereza ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga, kugabanya gutinda kwa gasutamo, no kongera ikizere cy’umuguzi. Kugumya kumenyesha amakuru agezweho no gukorana ninzobere bishimangira uburyo bwo kubahiriza no kugabanya ingaruka. Mugushira imbere ibyemezo byamatara, ubucuruzi burinda ibikorwa byabwo, kwitandukanya nabanywanyi, no kwagura isi yose.

Ibibazo

Ni ubuhe butumwa bwa CE na FCC ibyemezo byamatara?

Impamyabumenyi ya CE na FCC yemeza ko hubahirizwa umutekano mukarere n'ibipimo ngenderwaho. Icyemezo cya CE ni itegeko ku isoko ry’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, mu gihe icyemezo cya FCC gisabwa muri Amerika. Izi mpamyabumenyi zubaka ikizere cy’abaguzi, koroshya ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga, no kugabanya ingaruka z’ibihano cyangwa ibicuruzwa byibutswe.

Bifata igihe kingana iki kugirango ubone icyemezo cya CE cyangwa FCC?

Ingengabihe iratandukanye bitewe nibicuruzwa bigoye hamwe nuburyo bwo kugerageza. Ugereranije, icyemezo cya CE gifata ibyumweru 4-6, mugihe icyemezo cya FCC gishobora gufata ibyumweru 2-4. Gukorana nabakora inararibonye hamwe na sisitemu yemewe ya ISO9001 irashobora koroshya inzira.

Ababikora barashobora guhitamo amatara kugirango bujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa?

Nibyo, ababikora bafite uburambe bunini nibikoresho bigezweho barashobora guhitamo amatara kugirango yuzuze ibipimo byihariye. Kurugero, kwinjiza electromagnetic gukingira cyangwa kongera umutekano biranga kubahiriza amabwiriza ya CE na FCC. Customisation nayo ikemura ibibazo byihariye bikenewe ku isoko.

Bigenda bite iyo itara ryananiwe kwipimisha?

Niba itara ryananiwe kugerageza, ababikora bagomba kumenya no gukemura ibibazo. Ibi birashobora kubamo guhindura ibice cyangwa kunoza amashanyarazi. Gufatanya ninzobere mu gutanga ibyemezo no gukoresha imashini zipima zipima neza gusuzuma neza no gukemura vuba.

Nigute ibyemezo bigira ingaruka kumatara yamasoko?

Impamyabumenyi nka CE na FCC zongerera itara kwizerwa no kugurisha isoko. Bizeza abakiriya umutekano wibicuruzwa nubuziranenge. Byongeye kandi, ibicuruzwa byemejwe bihura nubukererwe bwa gasutamo kandi bikoroha kugera kumasoko yisi yose, bigaha abayikora kurushanwa.

Inama: Gufatanya nababikora bafite uburambe bwimyaka irenga 10 hamwe na sisitemu nziza yubuziranenge itanga ibicuruzwa byizewe kandi byujuje ubuziranenge.