Ese amatara yawe yujuje ibisabwa bya ANSI/ISEA 107 High-View?

Amatara yo mu mutwe agira uruhare runini mu kunoza uburyo bwo kubona neza iyo uri mu kazi cyangwa mu rugendo mu bihe by'urumuri ruto. Nubwo amahame ya ANSI/ISEA 107 yibanda cyane ku myenda igaragara cyane, amatara yo mu mutwe ashobora kongera umutekano wawe cyane binyuze mu kuzuzanya n'imyenda ijyanye n'imiterere y'imodoka. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko imodoka zifite amatara meza zihura n'ingaruka nke za 19% mu gihe cy'impanuka za nijoro ugereranije n'izifite amanota make. Amatara meza kandi atuma ubona neza, agufasha kumenya neza ibyago. Guhitamo amatara yo mu mutwe ajyanye n'imiterere y'imodoka ajyanye n'imiterere y'imodoka atuma uhora ugaragara neza kandi ufite umutekano mu bihe bigoye.

Ibintu by'ingenzi byakunzwe

• HitamoAmatara yo mu mutwe ya ANSI 107kugira ngo ugume mu mutekano mu rumuri ruto.
• Shaka amatara yo mu mutwe afite ibikoresho birabagirana cyangwa birebire kugira ngo agaragare neza.
• Reba uburyo amatara yo mu mutwe y’imodoka yera, akomeye kandi akomeye.
• Shaka ibirango kugira ngo urebe neza ko byujuje amategeko agenga umutekano.
• Gukoresha amatara yo mu mutwe agaragara cyane bigabanya ibyago byo gukora impanuka kandi bigakurikiza amategeko y'akazi.

Gusobanukirwa Amahame ngenderwaho ya ANSI/ISEA 107

Icyo Standard ikubiyemo

Amabwiriza ya ANSI/ISEA 107 agaragaza ibisabwa byihariye ku myenda irinda impanuka (HVSA). Aya mabwiriza atuma abakozi bakomeza kugaragara ahantu hadasobanutse neza cyangwa hateje akaga. Amabwiriza agaragaza aho ibikoresho bishyirwa n'ingano yabyo kugira ngo bitange ubushobozi bwo kugaragara kuri dogere 360. Agaragaza kandi imiterere n'ubugari bw'imikandara igarura urumuri, akareba ko yujuje ibisabwa byibuze mu mikorere.

Kugira ngo imyenda ibe yujuje ibisabwa, igomba gukoresha ibikoresho bitanga urumuri mu mabara nk'umuhondo-icyatsi kibisi, orange-umutuku, cyangwa umutuku. Kaseti igarura urumuri cyangwa umurongo wo kugaragara wongera ubushobozi bwo kugaragara neza, cyane cyane mu bihe by'urumuri ruto. Laboratwari zemewe zipima imyenda yose kugira ngo zemeze ko yujuje ibisabwa. Ibi bizamini bipima kuramba, kugaragara neza, no gushobora kwihanganira ibintu bihungabanya ibidukikije nk'imvura cyangwa ubushyuhe. Mu kuzuza ibi bipimo, HVSA igenzura umutekano n'ubwirinzi mu kazi gakomeye.

Ibisabwa ku buryo bworoshye kubona ibikoresho

Ibikoresho byo mu nzu, nubwo atari byo byibanze kuri ANSI/ISEA 107, bigira uruhare runini mu kongera ubushobozi bwo kubona neza. Ibintu nk'uturindantoki, ingofero, n'amatara yo mu mutwe bishobora kuzuza imyenda igaragara cyane. Kugira ngo ibikoresho bihuze n'ibisanzwe, bigomba kuba birimo ibikoresho bigarura urumuri cyangwa urumuri. Ibi bikoresho birushaho kunoza ubushobozi bwo kubona neza mu mpande nyinshi, cyane cyane mu bidukikije bihindagurika.

Urugero, amatara yo mu mutwe ashobora gutanga urumuri rwinshi no kugaragara neza. Iyo ahujwe n'imyenda ijyanye n'ibyo umuntu ashaka, akora igisubizo cyuzuye cy'umutekano. Ibikoresho bigomba kandi kugaragaza ko biramba kandi birwanya ibidukikije, bigatuma bikora neza mu bihe bigoye.

Akamaro k'amatara yo mu mutwe ya ANSI 107 ajyanye n'amategeko

Nubwo amatara yo mu mutwe adashyirwa ku murongo ku buryo bweruye hakurikijwe ibipimo ngenderwaho bya ANSI/ISEA 107, ashobora kongera umutekano mu buryo bugaragara. Amatara yo mu mutwe akurikije ibipimo bya ANSI 107 yongerera ubushobozi bwo kubona neza binyuze mu guhuza urumuri n'imiterere igaragara cyangwa urumuri. Ibi bituma aba meza cyane mu bidukikije bifite urumuri ruto cyangwa biteje akaga.

Mu kazi kegereye imodoka zitwara abagenzi cyangwa imashini nini, aya matara agabanya ibyago byo guhura n'impanuka. Atuma ukomeza kubonwa n'abandi, ndetse no mu rumuri rudakomeye. Mu guhitamo amatara ajyanye n'amahame ya ANSI/ISEA 107, urushaho kunoza umutekano wawe kandi wujuje ibisabwa mu kazi. Ibi bituma aba inyongera y'ingenzi ku bikoresho byawe bigaragarira cyane.

Ibipimo by'ingenzi ku matara yo mu mutwe ya ANSI 107 ajyanye n'amategeko

Ubwiza n'Uburemere bw'Umurabyo

Mu gusuzuma amatara yo mu mutwe, urumuri n'ubukana bw'imirasire ni ibintu by'ingenzi. Ubukana bupimirwa muri lux, ibi bikaba bipima ingano y'urumuri rugaragara ku ntera runaka. Urugero, ibipimo by'urumuri byo mu nganda bipima ubukana ntarengwa bwa metero enye. Ubukana bw'imirasire, ku rundi ruhande, bugena uburebure bw'urumuri. Uburyo bwo kubara urumuri (E) muri lux ni E = i / (D²), aho "i" ihagarariye ubukana bw'urumuri muri candela, naho "D" ikaba intera muri metero. Ibi bikwemeza ko ushobora gusuzuma niba itara ryo mu mutwe ritanga urumuri ruhagije ku byo ukeneye.

Amabwiriza nka ANSI FL-1 apima kandi intera y'imirasire n'igihe bateri ikoresha. Ibi bipimo bigufasha guhitamo amatara yo mu mutwe agumana urumuri ruhoraho mu gihe kirekire. Itara ryo mu mutwe rifite ibipimo byiza cyane kandi rikagira intera nziza y'imirasire rituma rigaragara neza, cyane cyane mu bice bifite urumuri ruto. Amatara yo mu mutwe akurikiza ANSI 107 akunze kuba meza muri utwo duce, bigatuma aba amahitamo yizewe ku mutekano.

Imiterere igarura urumuri n'iy'urumuri

Ibikoresho bitanga urumuri n'urumuri byongera ubushobozi bwo kugaragara neza binyuze mu gutuma ugaragara neza mu bihe by'izuba. Amabara atanga urumuri nk'umuhondo-icyatsi cyangwa orange-umutuku agaragara neza ku manywa, mu gihe ibintu bitanga urumuri byongera ubushobozi bwo kugaragara nijoro. Amatara yo mu mutwe afite imikandara itanga urumuri cyangwa imitako itanga urumuri yuzuza imyenda igaragara cyane, bigatuma ukomeza kugaragara mu mpande zitandukanye.

Iyi miterere ni ingenzi cyane cyane mu bidukikije bihindagurika, nko mu bwubatsi cyangwa imihanda. Mu guhitamo amatara yo mu mutwe afite imiterere igaragara cyangwa irabagirana, uba ukoze igisubizo cyuzuye cy’umutekano. Ibi bihuye n’amahame y’amatara yo mu mutwe akurikiza ANSI 107, ashyira imbere kugaragara no kurinda umutekano.

Kuramba no Kurwanya ibidukikije

Kuramba bituma itara ryawe rikora neza mu bihe bigoye. Ibizamini bisanzwe, nko gupima imiterere y'ikirere n'ibidukikije, bipima ubushobozi bw'itara ryo mu mutwe bwo kwihanganira imihangayiko. Ibizamini by'imiterere y'ikirere bipima ubukana bw'urumuri n'uburyo rukwirakwira, mu gihe ibizamini by'ibidukikije bipima imikorere mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe bukabije, ubushuhe n'imitingito.

Urugero, FMVSS 108 igaragaza ibisabwa ku matara y’imodoka, harimo n’amatara yo mu mutwe. Isuzuma ry’uburambe rituma amatara yo mu mutwe ahura n’ibibazo bya tekiniki n’ibidukikije, rikemeza ko ashobora guhangana n’ibihe nyabyo. Amatara yo mu mutwe yujuje ibisabwa na ANSI 107 akunze kuzuza ibi bipimo bikomeye, atanga imikorere n’umutekano birambye.

Impamvu kubahiriza amategeko agaragara cyane ari ingenzi

Umutekano mu bihe by'urumuri ruto

Kugenzura neza bigira uruhare runini mu kugukingira umutekano ahantu hadateye cyane. Amatara meza n'uburyo bwo kugaragara neza bigabanya ibyago byo guhura n'impanuka, cyane cyane ahantu hadateye neza urumuri. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko amatara yo mu muhanda yakozwe neza ashobora kugabanya impanuka zo mu ijoro kugeza kuri 30%. Imihanda ifite urugero rw'urumuri ruri hagati ya 1.2–2 cd/m² ihura n'impanuka zigera kuri 20–30% ugereranije n'ifite urugero rw'urumuri ruri hasi. Ibi bigaragaza akamaro ko gukoresha ibikoresho nka ANSI 107 kugira ngo wongere ubushobozi bwo kubona no gucunga umutekano.

Amatara yo mu mutwe afite urumuri rwinshi kandi atuma abandi bakomeza kukubona, ndetse no mu bihe byoroheje. Waba ukorera ahakorerwa imirimo y'ubwubatsi cyangwa ugenda mu muhanda udafite urumuri rwinshi, aya matara atanga urumuri rukenewe kugira ngo wirinde ibyago. Mu gushyira imbere ubushobozi bwo kugaragara, ugabanya cyane ibyago biterwa n'ahantu hadateye urumuri rwinshi.

Ibisabwa mu kazi no mu mategeko

Ahantu henshi ho gukorera hasaba ko wuzuza amabwiriza yihariye y’umutekano, harimo no kubahiriza amategeko agaragara cyane. Inganda nk'ubwubatsi, ubwikorezi, no kubungabunga imihanda akenshi zikorera ahantu hateje akaga aho kureba biba ngombwa cyane. Abakoresha bagomba kugenzura ko abakozi bakoresha ibikoresho bihuye n'amabwiriza agenga umutekano kugira ngo bagabanye ibyago kandi bakurikize ibisabwa n'amategeko.

Gukoresha amatara y’imbere yubahiriza amategeko ya ANSI 107 bigaragaza ubwitange bwawe mu mutekano wo mu kazi. Aya matara ntabwo atuma ubona neza gusa ahubwo anafasha amashyirahamwe kubahiriza amahame agenga amategeko. Ibi bigabanya inshingano kandi bikanatuma abantu bose babigizemo uruhare bagira ibidukikije bitekanye.

Kugabanya ibyago mu bidukikije biteje akaga

Ahantu hateje akaga hasaba ingamba zizewe zo kwirinda ibyago bishobora kubaho. Amatara yo mu mutwe agaragara cyane agira uruhare runini mu kugabanya ibyago byo gukora. Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe ku isano iri hagati yo kubona amatara yo mu mutwe n'umuvuduko w'impanuka bwagaragaje ko imiterere myiza y'amatara yo mu mutwe ishobora kugabanya umuvuduko w'impanuka zo mu ijoro ho 12% kugeza kuri 29%. Kubona neza bigabanya ibyago byo guhura n'impanuka, bigatuma ibikorwa birushaho kuba byiza mu bihe bigoye.

Guhitamo amatara yo mu mutwe yagenewe kubahiriza amabwiriza yo kureba neza, uririnda wowe ubwawe n'abandi mu bidukikije biteje akaga. Aya matara yo mu mutwe atuma ukomeza kugaragara, ndetse no mu bihe bigoye cyane, bigabanya ibyago byo guhura n'impanuka n'imvune.

Uburyo bwo gusuzuma amatara yo mu mutwe kugira ngo agenzurwe neza

Kugenzura ibirango by'impamyabushobozi

Mu gusuzuma amatara yo mu mutwe kugira ngo arebe niba yujuje ibisabwa, ibirango by’impamyabushobozi bitanga uburyo bwihuse bwo kugenzura ubuziranenge bwayo no kubahiriza amahame y’umutekano. Shaka ibirango nkaFMVSS 108, ibi bikaba byemeza ko itara ry’imbere ryujuje amahame ngenderwaho y’umutekano w’ibinyabiziga bya Leta ku bijyanye n’amatara n’uturemangingo. Ibi byemezo byemeza ko ibicuruzwa byakorewe igeragezwa rikomeye ryo kureba no kurinda umutekano.

Inzego zishinzwe gutanga ibyangombwa nka Intertek, VCA, A2LA, na AMECA zipima ibikoresho by'amatara y'imodoka kugira ngo zirebe ko byujuje ibisabwa mu nganda. Urebye ibi birango, ushobora guhitamo amatara y'imbere ajyanye n'ibisabwa ku buryo bugaragara cyane. Iyi ntambwe ntirinda gusa umutekano ahubwo inagufasha kwirinda ibicuruzwa bitujuje ibisabwa by'ingenzi mu mikorere.

Gukora ibizamini byo Kubona no Kugaragaza Ubushobozi bw'Ishusho

Kugenzura uko amatara yo mu mutwe agaragara n'uko agaragara neza bireba ko akora neza mu buzima busanzwe. Tangira ushyire amatara yo mu mutwe mu gikoresho cyo gupima kugira ngo ukore uko ashyirwa mu bikorwa nyabyo. Hanyuma, kora ibipimo bya fotometrike kugira ngo usuzume uko urumuri rukwirakwira n'ubukana bwarwo. Suzuma imiterere y'amatara yo mu mutwe haba ku mikorere y'amatara yo hasi n'ayo hejuru kugira ngo urebe neza ko urumuri rugaragara kandi rugenzurwa neza.

Ugomba kandi kugenzura imiterere y'amabara n'urumuri rutanga urumuri. Gupima ibidukikije, nko gusuzuma imikorere mu gihe cy'impinduka z'ubushyuhe n'ubushuhe, bigufasha kuramba. Imbonerahamwe iri hepfo igaragaza umurongo ngenderwaho wo gusuzuma iyubahirizwa ry'amatara yo mu mutwe:

Ibi bizamini byemeza ko itara ry’imbere ryujuje ibisabwa kugira ngo rigaragare neza kandi rigire umutekano, bigatuma rikora neza mu buryo bwizewe ahantu hadacanye cyane.

Kuvugurura kuriAmatara yo mu mutwe ya ANSI 107 ajyanye n'amategeko

Kuvugurura amatara yo mu mutwe agaragara cyane bitanga inyungu zikomeye ku mutekano n'ikiguzi. Urugero, amatara ya halogen agura hagati ya $15 na $30 kuri buri rimwe kandi ushobora kuyashyiraho ubwawe, bikagabanya ikiguzi cy'abakozi. Ariko, amatara ya HID, agura hagati ya $100 na $150 kuri rimwe, asaba ko ashyirwaho by'umwuga, yongeraho $50 na $200. Nubwo ikiguzi cya mbere kiri hejuru, amatara ya HID akoresha ingufu nke kandi amara igihe kirekire, bigatuma agabanya inshuro zo kuyasimbuza. Mu myaka itanu, amatara ya halogen ashobora kugura hafi $150, mu gihe amatara ya HID agera kuri $300, harimo no kuyashyiraho.

Inyungu z'igihe kirekire zo kuvugurura ziruta amafaranga yakoreshejwe mbere. Amatara ya HID atanga urumuri rwiza, yongera ubushobozi bwo kubona neza no kugabanya ibyago by'impanuka. Mu gushora imari mu matara meza, uba wemeje ko umutekano ukomeza kubahirizwa n'ibisabwa n'amategeko cyangwa aho bakorera.

Amatara yo mu mutwe ashobora kudakurikiza amahame ya ANSI/ISEA 107, ariko aracyari ingenzi mu kunoza uburyo agaragara neza kandi atekanirwa. Ugomba gusuzuma amatara yo mu mutwe ushingiye ku bintu bitatu by'ingenzi: urumuri, ubushobozi bwo kugarura urumuri, no kuramba. Ibi bintu bituma amatara yawe akora neza kandi agaragara neza, bigatuma habaho ibidukikije bitekanye mu bihe by'urumuri ruto cyangwa biteje akaga.