Amatara yo mu mutwe adategwa n'umukungugu yo kubaka imiyoboro y'amazi: Amabwiriza menshi yemewe na ISO 9001

Abayobozi b'imishinga bashakisha ibicuruzwa by'amatara yo mu bwoko bwa ISO 9001 bidafite ivumbi biva ku nganda zizewe zifite amateka ahamye yo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga. Icyemezo cya ISO 9001 gihamya ko ibicuruzwa bifite ireme n'ubwizerwe mu bihe bigoye byo mu bwoko bwa tunnel. Abaguzi boroshya ibyo batumiza ku bwinshi bakorana n'abatanga ibicuruzwa batanga ibiciro bisobanutse neza, igihe cyo kubikuza vuba, ndetse n'ubufasha bwo gusubiza inyuma ibicuruzwa.

Inama: Saba inyandiko zemeza ko ari igiciro cyaguzwe n'ibisobanuro birambuye ku giciro cyacyo mbere yo kwemeza ko waguze byinshi.

Ibintu by'ingenzi byakunzwe

• Icyemezo cya ISO 9001 gihamya ubuziranenge n'ubwizerwe ku matara yo mu mutwe adapfa kuvumbirwa n'ivumbi akoreshwa mu bice bikomeye byo mu muhanda.
• Amatara yo mu mutwe adapfa kuvumbirwa n’ivumbi afite amanota ya IP65 cyangwa IP66 arinda ivumbi n’amazi, bigatuma habaho urumuri rwizewe kandi rurambye ku bwubatsi.
• Amabwiriza menshi aturutse kuriabatanga serivisi bemewekugabanya ikiguzi, koroshya ububiko bw'ibintu, no gutanga garanti zikomeye no gushyigikira nyuma yo kugurisha.
• Abayobozi b'imishinga bagomba kugenzura ibyemezo, gusaba ingero, no gukora igenzura ry'uruganda kugira ngo barebe ko umusaruro utangwa n'abawutanga ari uw'ukuri.
• Guhitamo inganda zikora ibintu zifite imikorere myiza kandi zitanga serivisi ziboneye bifasha kubona amatara yizewe yo mu mishinga yo mu muhanda.

Ibintu by'ingenzi bigize Taneli y'amatara yo mu mutwe idapfa kuvumbirwa n'umukungugu

Amahame agenga isuku n'ibipimo bya IP

Ibidukikije by'inganda bisaba urumuri rushobora kwihanganira ivumbi n'ubushuhe. Ibikoresho by'amatara yo mu bwoko bwa "tunnels" bikunze kuba bifiteIbipimo bya IP65 cyangwa IP66. Izi ngamba zitanga uburinzi bwuzuye ku ivumbi ryinjira mu kirere no kudahangana n’amazi. Amatara yo mu mutwe afite agaciro ka IP65 akora neza mu bihe bikomeye byo mu miyoboro, aho ivumbi n’amazi bikunze kugaragara. Ingamba za IP66 zitanga uburinzi bwinshi kurushaho, zituma itara ryo mu mutwe rikomeza gukora neza mu gihe cyo gusukura imiyoboro y’amazi cyangwa amazi asohoka mu buryo butunguranye. Abakora bashushanya aya matara yo mu mutwe kugira ngo ahuze n’ibikenewe cyane mu kubaka imiyoboro y’amazi, bakoresheje uburyo bugezweho bwo gufunga n’ibikoresho bikomeye. Sisitemu yo gupima IP itanga urugero rusobanutse ku baguzi, ibafasha guhitamo ibicuruzwa bitanga umusaruro uhoraho mu bihe bigoye.

Icyitonderwa: Ibipimo bya IP65 na IP66 ni byo bipimo bisanzwe ku matara y’imbere adapfa kuvumbirwa n’umukungugu akoreshwa mu kubaka imiyoboro y’amazi, bigamije kuramba no kurinda umutekano.

Kuramba no Kurinda Umutekano mu Kubaka Imiyoboro y'amazi

Ahantu ho kubaka imiyoboro y'amaziBifite imbogamizi zidasanzwe, harimo ingaruka zikunze kubaho, guhura n'ibikoresho byangiza, n'ubushyuhe bukabije. Abakora ibikoresho bakoresha pulasitiki ya ABS na aluminiyumu ikora cyane kandi idakonjesha kugira ngo bongere igihe kirekire. Ibi bikoresho birinda ingese, ingese, ndetse n'ibyangiritse mu buryo bwa shimi, bituma itara ry'imbere rikomeza gukora nyuma yo kugwa cyangwa kugongana ku bw'impanuka. Ibintu bidapfa amazi, nk'udupfundikizo twa silicone n'udupfundikizo twa rubber, birinda ibice by'imbere ubushuhe n'umukungugu. Ubuziranenge bw'igishushanyo mbonera bufite uruhare runini; amatara y'imbere yirinda intege nke nk'udupfundikizo dushobora kwangiza icyerekezo cy'imirasire cyangwa kuvunika bitewe n'imbaraga.

• Amatara yo mu mutwe yubahiriza amahame y’umutekano ahantu hateje akaga, harimo n’amategeko y’igihugu agenga amashanyarazi.
• Ibicuruzwa bifite icyemezo cya CE/ATEX, kigaragaza ubushobozi bwo kwirinda guturika, kwirinda amazi no kwirinda ivumbi.
• Zifite imiterere idahungabana kandi zibungabunga umutekano mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe bukabije.
• Ingufu nke zo kwerekana umuriro n'igihe kirekire cyo kubaho kwa LED bifasha gukora neza mu buryo bwizewe mu duce duto two mu muhanda.

Ibi bifasha ko ibikoresho by'amatara yo mu muhanda bidapfa kuvumburwa bitanga urumuri rwizewe, bikingira abakozi, kandi bigakomeza kubahiriza amahame y'umutekano mu gihe cyose cy'umushinga.

Icyemezo cya ISO 9001 ku itara ry'imbere ritagwa umukungugu

ISO 9001 n'ubwiza bw'amatara yo mu mutwe

Icyemezo cya ISO 9001 gishyiraho igipimo ngenderwaho ku isi yose kuimicungire myiza mu ngandaAbakora ibikoresho by’amatara yo mu bwoko bwa tunnels bidashobora kuvumbirwa n’umukungugu bagomba kuzuza ibisabwa kugira ngo bagere kuri iki cyemezo. Bashyiraho politiki y’ubuziranenge isobanutse kandi bagashyiraho intego zifatika zijyanye no kunyurwa kw’abakiriya n’intego z’ingamba. Ibigo bifata uburyo bwo gukora, bigashaka kandi bigacunga inzira zose zijyanye nabyo kugira ngo imikorere yorohe. Gutekereza bishingiye ku ngaruka bibafasha gukemura ibibazo bishobora kubaho mbere yuko bigira ingaruka ku musaruro.

Abakora ibikoresho babika inyandiko zirambuye, harimo inzira z’ibikorwa, ibitabo by’ubuziranenge, n’inyandiko z’imikorere. Uku gukorera mu mucyo bishyigikira inshingano kuri buri cyiciro. Isuzuma n’igenzura rihoraho bituma habaho iterambere rihoraho, rituma sisitemu yo gucunga ubuziranenge igenda ihinduka bitewe n’ibikenewe. ISO 9001 isaba kandi ibigo kugaragaza ubushobozi bwa tekiniki no gushyira mu bikorwa kunoza ibikorwa mu mikorere ya buri munsi. Iyi mikorere yemeza ko ibikoresho by’amatara birinda ivumbi bikurikiza ibisabwa n’abakiriya n’amategeko.

Icyitonderwa: Icyemezo cya ISO 9001 cyemeza abaguzi ko buri tara rigenzurwa neza, bigabanyiriza ibyago byo kwangirika no kwemeza ko imikorere yaryo yizewe mu bidukikije bigoye.

Ibyiza ku baguzi benshi n'abayobozi b'imishinga

Abaguzi benshi n'abayobozi b'imishinga bungukira cyane iyo bashaka ibicuruzwa byemewe na ISO 9001 bitagira umukungugu. Abatanga ibicuruzwa akenshi batanga ikiguzi gito ku bicuruzwa binini, ibyo bigatuma igiciro cyabyo kigabanuka. Kohereza ibicuruzwa bike bivuze ko amafaranga yo kohereza ibicuruzwa n'ay'ubuyobozi agabanuka. Ubwiza buhoraho no gukurikiza neza amabwiriza y'ubuziranenge by'abatanga ibicuruzwa bitanga amahoro yo mu mutima ku bijyanye no kwizera ibicuruzwa.

Ibikoresho biramba, nka aluminiyumu ya anodized, byongera igihe cyo kubaho cya buri tara, bigatuma riba ryiza cyane mu bwubatsi bukomeye bw'imiyoboro y'amazi. Guhaha byinshi byoroshya imicungire y'ibikoresho binyuze mu kugabanya ibura ry'ibikoresho no kugabanya inshuro zo kongera gutumiza. Uburyo bworoshye bwo kugenzura no gushushanya ibintu byoroshye byongera korohereza abakozi mu kazi. Abayobozi b'imishinga bashobora gusaba ingero z'ibicuruzwa mbere yo gutanga amatumiza menshi, bigafasha kugenzura imikorere n'ubwiza.

• Ikiguzi gito cy'ibikoresho byo gutumiza ibintu byinshi
• Amafaranga yo kohereza ibicuruzwa n'ay'ubuyobozi yagabanijwe
• Ubwiza n'ubwiza bw'ibicuruzwa bihoraho
• Kongera igihe cyo kuramba ku bidukikije bisaba imbaraga nyinshi
• Gutunganya neza ububiko bw'ibikoresho
• Uburyo bworohereza abakoresha imikorere

Gutumiza amatara menshi mu cyuma gikingira ivumbi

Intambwe zo Gutanga Amadeni Y'Ibintu Binini ku Batanga Ibicuruzwa Byemejwe

Abayobozi b'imishinga bakurikiza inzira ihamye iyo bashyiragutumiza ibintu byinshiku bikoresho by'amatara yo mu muhanda bidapfa kuvumburwa n'umukungugu. Iyi gahunda igamije kwemeza ireme ry'ibicuruzwa n'ubwizigirwa bw'umutanga. Intambwe zikurikira zigaragaza uburyo busabwa:

1. Emeza icyemezo cya ISO 9001 cy'umutanga serivisi hanyuma usabe izindi certificate nka CE na RoHS.
2. Gukora igenzura ry’uruganda kugira ngo harebwe inzira z’umusaruro, amahugurwa y’abakozi, n’isukura ry’ibikoresho.
3. Saba ingero z'ibicuruzwa kandi utegure isuzuma ryigenga rya laboratwari kugira ngo wemezeamahame y'ubuziranenge.
4. Guhuza n'ibigo bigenzura ibicuruzwa bya gatatu kugira ngo bipimwe kandi bipimwe mbere yo koherezwa, cyane cyane ku bicuruzwa binini.
5. Suzuma raporo zirambuye zo kugenzura ubuziranenge, harimo ibipimo by'ubusembwa n'ingamba zo gukosora zafashwe n'umucuruzi.
6. Suzuma amateka y'umutanga serivisi ureba amateka y'uko amategeko yubahirizwa ndetse n'ubuhamya bw'abakiriya.
7. Guhuza amasezerano y'ubucuruzi, harimo Ingano nto y'ibicuruzwa (MOQ), igihe cyo kubikuza, amahitamo yo guhindura ibintu, na Incoterms nka FOB, CIF, cyangwa DDP.

Inama: Buri gihe saba kopi z'ibyemezo bya ISO 9001 kandi urebe neza ko ari ukuri kwabyo mu bigo byemewe bitanga ibyemezo. Saba raporo z'igenzura kandi utekereze guha akazi abagenzuzi bo hanze kugira ngo bagenzure uruganda no kugenzura ibicuruzwa mu buryo butunguranye.

Abayobozi b'imishinga bakurikiza izi ntambwe bagabanya ibyago kandi bakareba neza ko ibikoresho by'amatara yo mu muhanda bidapfa kuvumburwa byujuje ibisabwa n'umushinga.

Ibiciro, amasaha yo kwishyura, n'inkunga nyuma yo kugurisha

Ibiciro by’ibicuruzwa byinshi bivuye ku bacuruzi bemewe na ISO 9001 bigaragaza uburyo bufite imiterere. Abacuruzi batanga ibiciro byoroshye ku bucuruzi bushingiye ku bwinshi bw’ibicuruzwa n’ibyo bakeneye guhindura. Ku bicuruzwa by’imigabane, nta ngano nto y’ibicuruzwa bicuruzwa. Ibicuruzwa byihariye cyangwa ibitari mu bubiko bisaba nibura ingano 200. Abacuruzi bemewe batanga serivisi z’agaciro nko gutanga garanti, guhindura OEM/ODM, n’ubufasha mu bya tekiniki.

Igihe cyo gutumiza ibicuruzwa kiratandukanye bitewe n'ingano y'ibicuruzwa. Ingero z'ibicuruzwa byatumijwe muri rusange bifata iminsi 1-7. Ibicuruzwa byatumijwe mu buryo bw'igerageza birenga ibice 100 bisaba iminsi 3-7. Ibicuruzwa byatumijwe mu buryo bw'igerageza birenga ibice 1.000 bisaba iminsi 15-30 kugira ngo bikoreshwe kandi byoherezwe. Ibicuruzwa bito binini bigera kuri 50 bifite igihe cyo gutumiza ibicuruzwa hagati y'iminsi 5 kugeza kuri 7, mu gihe ibicuruzwa binini bisaba ibiganiro.

Inkunga nyuma yo kugurisha itangwa n'abatanga serivisi zemewe irimo garanti y'umwaka umwe ku bicuruzwa byose, serivisi za tekiniki, no gukurikirana ibyoherezwa. Abatanga serivisi bakora isuzuma ry'ubuziranenge kuva ku bikoresho byinjira kugeza ku bicuruzwa byarangiye. Amakipe y'inararibonye atanga ubufasha mbere, mu gihe cyo kugurisha, na nyuma yabyo. Serivisi za OEM na ODM zemerera guhindura ibicuruzwa, kandi igihe cyo kubitanga vuba gifasha kubahiriza igihe ntarengwa cy'umushinga.

Icyitonderwa: Inkunga yizewe nyuma yo kugurisha ituma ibibazo byose bijyanye n'ibicuruzwa by'amatara adafite ivumbi bikemurwa vuba, birengera igihe cy'umushinga n'ingengo y'imari.

Guhitamo abatanga serivisi zizewe zo gukoresha amatara yo mu bwoko bwa Tunnel idapfa kuvumbwa

Ibipimo ngenderwaho mu guhitamo abakora ibikoresho byemewe na ISO 9001

Amakipe ashinzwe gutanga amasoko ashyira imbere ibintu byinshi mu guhitamo abatanga serivisi zizewe zo gukora imishinga y’amatara yo mu muhanda idapfa kuvumburwa. Abakora bafite icyemezo cya ISO 9001 bagaragaza ko biyemeje gucunga neza ubuziranenge. Amakipe akunda abakora ibicuruzwa bitaziguye kuruta amasosiyete acuruza kuko abakora ibicuruzwa bitaziguye batanga ibiciro biri hejuru byo gutanga ibicuruzwa ku gihe kandi bakagenzura neza uburyo bihinduka. Ingano y’uruganda ni ingenzi; ibikoresho bifite nibura metero kare 1.000 n’imirongo ikora ibikoresho byikora bikemura neza ibyo batumiza ku bwinshi.

Abatanga serivisi bizewebakomeza kubahiriza amahame mpuzamahanga nka DOT FMVSS-108, ECE R112, CE, RoHS, na UL. Batanga raporo z'ibizamini byo kubungabunga lumen no kwirinda ivumbi cyangwa amazi. Amatsinda asuzuma ubushobozi bwo gukora bemeza guteranya PCB mu nzu, guhuza bateri, n'ibikoresho byo gupima amazi. Ibipimo by'imikorere, harimo igipimo cyo gutanga ku gihe kiri hejuru ya 95%, igihe mpuzandengo cyo gusubiza munsi y'amasaha ane, n'amanota y'isuzuma ry'abakiriya ari 4.5 cyangwa arenga, bigaragaza ko ari inyangamugayo cyane. Umucyo mu ruhererekane rw'ibikoresho no gukurikirana neza uduce twa LED n'ibinyabiziga bikomeza gushyigikira icyizere cy'umutanga serivisi.

Inama: Ubusabeisuzuma ry'icyitegererezoku bijyanye n'urumuri, imiterere y'imirasire, n'imikorere y'ubushyuhe. Suzuma igenzura ry'inganda na raporo z'igenzura ry'uruganda kugira ngo urebe igenzura ry'ubuziranenge.

Ibibazo by'ingenzi mbere yo gutumiza

Mbere yo kurangiza gutumiza ibicuruzwa ku bwinshi, abayobozi b'imishinga babaza ibibazo byihariye kugira ngo barebe ko abatanga ibicuruzwa ari inyangamugayo kandi ko bikurikiza amategeko y'ibicuruzwa. Urutonde rukurikira rufasha kuyobora inzira yo gusuzuma:

1. Ese umucuruzi afite icyemezo cya ISO 9001, CE, RoHS, na UL cyemewe?
2. Ese umucuruzi ashobora gutanga raporo z'ibizamini biheruka ku bipimo bidashobora kuvumbirwa n'amazi, nka IP68 cyangwa IP6K9K?
3. Ingano y'uruganda n'umubare w'abakozi ni bangahe, kandi se bakora imiyoboro y'ibikorwa byikora?
4. Ese ibimenyetso by'impamyabushobozi byanditse ku gicuruzwa burundu kandi biri mu nyandiko zijyanye no gupfunyika?
5. Ni gute umucuruzi acunga igenzura ry’ibikoresho byinjira, kugenzura ubuziranenge mu gihe cy’ibikorwa, no kugenzura ubuziranenge?
6. Ni iyihe mpuzandengo y'ibiciro byo kohereza ibicuruzwa ku gihe n'ijanisha ry'abakiriya ryo kongera gutumiza ibicuruzwa?
7. Ese umucuruzi ashobora gutanga ingero z'imikorere kugira ngo hakoreshwe ibizamini by'abandi no kugenzura ibikorwa by'umusaruro hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga?
8. Ni gute umutanga serivisi agenzura ko uruhererekane rw'ibicuruzwa rugaragara kandi ko ibice by'ingenzi bikurikirana neza?

Abayobozi b'imishinga bakemura ibi bibazo, babika amatara y'imbere mu muhanda adashobora kuvumbirwa n'umukungugu, ahuye n'ibipimo ngenderwaho ku rwego rw'isi n'ibisabwa n'umushinga.

Amakipe ashinzwe gutanga amasoko agera ku ntego z'umushinga akurikije inzira ihamye yo gushaka no kugenzura amatara y’imbere yemewe na ISO 9001. Agenzura ibyemezo, akemeza amanota y’uburinzi bw’inyongera, kandi akemeza ko yujuje ibisabwa mu nganda. Abatanga ibicuruzwa bizerwa batanga ibicuruzwa biramba, garanti ikomeye, n’ubufasha bushoboka, bigabanyiriza igihe cyo gukora no kubungabunga. Amakipe agomba gushyira imbere inyandiko za tekiniki, serivisi nyuma yo kugurisha, n’ibipimo ngenderwaho by’imikorere. Ubu buryo bwiza butuma hubakwa imiyoboro y’amazi mu buryo bwizewe kandi bunoze kandi bufite agaciro karambye.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa

Icyemezo cya ISO 9001 bivuze iki ku matara yo mu mutwe adapfa kuvumbirwa n'umukungugu?

Icyemezo cya ISO 9001 cyemeza ko uruganda rukurikiza amahame agenga imicungire y’ubuziranenge. Ibi bishimangira ko umusaruro uhoraho kandi ko wizewe ku mishinga y’ubwubatsi bw’imiyoboro y’amazi.

Ni gute abaguzi bashobora kwemeza amanota y’amatara yo mu mutwe adategwa n’umukungugu?

Abaguzi bagomba gusaba raporo zemewe z’ibizamini n’inyandiko zemeza ko ibicuruzwa bihari. Abakora ibicuruzwa bakunze gutanga ibisobanuro birambuye ku isuzuma rya IP, nka IP65 cyangwa IP66, ku birango by’ibicuruzwa no ku bipfunyika.

Igihe gisanzwe cyo gutanga ibicuruzwa byinshi ni ikihe?

Igihe cyo gutanga ibicuruzwa giterwa n'ingano y'ibicuruzwa n'uburyo byakoreshejwe. Abatanga ibicuruzwa benshi batanga ingero z'ibicuruzwa mu minsi 7.Ibicuruzwa byinshiIbikoresho birenga 1.000 akenshi bisaba iminsi 15 kugeza kuri 30 kugira ngo bikoreshwe kandi byoherezwe.

Ese abatanga ibicuruzwa batanga ubufasha nyuma yo kugurisha ibicuruzwa byinshi?

Abatanga ibicuruzwa bemewe batanga ubufasha nyuma yo kugurisha, harimo garanti y'umwaka umwe, ubufasha mu bya tekiniki, no gukurikirana ibyoherezwa. Abaguzi bashobora kuvugana n'amatsinda y'abaterankunga kugira ngo bahabwe serivisi zo gukemura ibibazo no gusimbuza.