Ibipimo byumutekano byisi yose kumatara yishyurwa muri zone zangiza

Ibipimo by’umutekano ku isi ku matara yaka umuriro muri zone ishobora guteza akaga bituma imikorere yizewe mubidukikije aho imyuka iturika cyangwa umukungugu ugurumana bitera ingaruka. Ibipimo ngenderwaho, nka ATEX / IECEx byemeza, byemeza ko ibikoresho byujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa byumutekano, bikagabanya ingaruka zishobora kubaho.

Kubahiriza aya mabwiriza bigira ingaruka zikomeye kumutekano wakazi. Urugero:

1. Ubugenzuzi bwa OSHA bwatumye imvune zigabanuka 9% ndetse n’igabanuka rya 26% byatewe n’imvune (Levine et al., 2012).
2. Kugenzura ibihano byatumye igabanuka rya 19% ry’imvune zabuze ku kazi (Gray na Mendeloff, 2005).
3. Ibigo byagabanutse kugera kuri 24% byimvune mugihe cyimyaka ibiri yo kugenzura (Haviland et al., 2012).

Ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi byerekana uruhare rukomeye rwo kubahiriza kurengera abakozi no kugabanya ingaruka.

Ibyingenzi

• Kumenya uturere dushobora guteza akaga ni ngombwa guhitamo itara ryiza. Buri karere gakeneye amategeko yihariye yumutekano.
• Impamyabumenyi ya ATEX na IECEx yerekana ko amatara akurikiza cyaneamategeko y'umutekano. Ibi bigabanya ingaruka ahantu hateye akaga.
• Kugenzura no gutunganya amataraakenshi bibarinda umutekano no gukora neza. Shakisha ibyangiritse hanyuma ugerageze urumuri mbere yo kurukoresha.
• Tora amatara meza kandi yoroshye gukoresha. Ibi bifasha mugihe kirekire cyakazi muri zone zishobora guteza akaga.
• Guhugura abakozi uburyo bwo gukoresha ibikoresho no kuguma mu mutekano bituma akazi kagira umutekano kandi vuba.

Uturere twangiritse hamwe nibyiciro byabo

Ibisobanuro by'uturere twangiza

Uturere dushobora guteza akaga bivuga ahantu hashobora guturika ikirere gishobora guterwa kubera ko hari imyuka yaka umuriro, imyuka, umukungugu, cyangwa fibre. Izi zone zisaba ingamba zikomeye z'umutekano kugirango hirindwe inkomoko yo gutwika ibintu bitera impanuka. Uturere dutandukanye twemera sisitemu yihariye yo gusobanura uturere.

Izi sisitemu zitanga ubudahwema mu kumenya no kugabanya ingaruka ziterwa n'inganda.

Ibyiciro bya Zone (Zone 0, Zone 1, Zone 2)

Uturere dushobora guteza akaga twongeye gushyirwa mu byiciro hashingiwe ku gihe ikirere gishobora guturika. Imbonerahamwe ikurikira irerekana ibipimo bya buri karere:

Ibyo byiciro biyobora guhitamo ibikoresho, nkaamatara yishyurwa, kurinda umutekano no kubahiriza.

Inganda Rusange na Porogaramu

Uturere dushobora guteza akaga twiganje mu nganda zitandukanye aho ibintu byaka. Inzego z'ingenzi zirimo:

• Amavuta na gaze
• Imiti n’imiti
• Ibiribwa n'ibinyobwa
• Ingufu n'imbaraga
• Ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro

Muri 2020, ibyumba byihutirwa byavuzaga abakozi bagera kuri miliyoni 1.8 kubera ibikomere biterwa n'akazi, bishimangira akamaro k'ingamba z'umutekano muri ibi bidukikije. Amatara yishyurwa yagenewe uturere twangiza afite uruhare runini mukugabanya ingaruka no kurinda umutekano w'abakozi.

Icyemezo cya ATEX / IECEx nibindi bipimo ngenderwaho byisi

Incamake yicyemezo cya ATEX

Icyemezo cya ATEXiremeza ko ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu kirere giturika byujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa by’umutekano. ATEX ikomoka mu muryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, izina ryayo rikomoka ku ijambo ry’igifaransa “ATmosphères EXplosibles.” Iki cyemezo kireba ibikoresho byamashanyarazi nubukanishi, byemeza ko bidahinduka inkomoko yibidukikije. Ababikora bagomba kubahiriza amabwiriza ya ATEX yo kugurisha ibicuruzwa byabo muburayi.

Ibipimo bya tekiniki yo kwemeza ATEX byerekanwe mubuyobozi bwihariye. Aya mabwiriza yemeza guhuza no kwizerwa mubipimo byumutekano:

Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe bwerekana inyungu zicyemezo cya ATEX:

• Uruganda rwa peteroli rwazamuwe muri ATEX Zone 1 yemewe ya gaze. Ihinduka ryateje imbere gutahura hakiri kare gaze, kugabanya ibyabaye, no kongera igihe cyo gukora.
• Ikigo cya farumasi cyasimbuye amatara asanzwe hamwe na ATEX Zone 1 yemejwe ko iturika. Iri vugurura ryateje imbere kubahiriza umutekano no kugaragara, gushiraho ibidukikije bikora neza.

Izi ngero zerekana uburyo icyemezo cya ATEX cyongera umutekano no gukora neza muri zone zangiza.

Ibipimo bya IECEx n'akamaro kabo ku isi

Sisitemu ya IECEx itanga urwego ruzwi ku isi hose rwo kwemeza ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu kirere giturika. Yateguwe na komisiyo mpuzamahanga y’ikoranabuhanga (IEC), iyi sisitemu yemeza ko ibicuruzwa byemewe byujuje ubuziranenge mpuzamahanga. Bitandukanye na ATEX, yihariye akarere, icyemezo cya IECEx cyoroshya ubucuruzi bwisi yose muguhuza ibyifuzo byumutekano mubihugu.

Ibipimo bya IECEx birakenewe cyane cyane kumasosiyete mpuzamahanga akorera mu turere dutandukanye. Mugukurikiza aya mahame, amashyirahamwe arashobora koroshya inzira yo kubahiriza no kugabanya ibikenerwa byinshi. Ubu buryo ntibutwara igihe gusa ahubwo butanga ingamba zumutekano zihoraho kurubuga rwose rukora.

Isi yose ifitanye isano na IECEx ibipimo biri mubushobozi bwabo bwo gukemura itandukaniro ryakarere. Kurugero, mugihe Uburayi bushingiye kubyemezo bya ATEX, utundi turere twinshi, twavuga nka Ositaraliya na Nouvelle-Zélande, twemera amahame ya IECEx. Uku guhuza guteza imbere ubufatanye mpuzamahanga kandi byongera umutekano mu nganda nka peteroli na gaze, ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y'agaciro, n’inganda zikora imiti.

UL Icyemezo cyumutekano wa Bateri

Icyemezo cya UL cyibanda ku kurinda umutekano no kwizerwa kwa bateri zikoreshwa ahantu hashobora guteza akaga. Amatara yaka umuriro, akenshi afite bateri ya lithium-ion, agomba kuba yujuje ibyangombwa byumutekano kugirango yirinde ingaruka nko gushyuha cyane, imiyoboro migufi, cyangwa guturika. Ibipimo bya UL bikemura ibyo bibazo mugusuzuma imikorere ya bateri mubihe bitandukanye.

Batteri yemewe na UL ikorerwa igeragezwa rikomeye kugirango irebe ko ishobora guhangana nubushyuhe bukabije, guhangayika, no guhura nibintu byaka. Iki cyemezo kirakenewe cyane cyane kumatara yumuriro akoreshwa muri zone ishobora guteza akaga, aho gutsindwa kwa batiri bishobora gutera ingaruka mbi.

Muguhuza ibyemezo bya UL nicyemezo cya ATEX / IECEx, ababikora barashobora gutanga ibyiringiro byumutekano byuzuye kubicuruzwa byabo. Ubu buryo bubiri bwemeza koamatara yishyurwabujuje ibipimo byumutekano byamashanyarazi na batiri, bituma bikoreshwa mugukoresha ahantu hashobora guteza ibyago byinshi.

Guhindura uturere mubipimo byumutekano

Ibipimo byumutekano kumatara yumuriro muri zone ishobora guteza akaga biratandukanye cyane mukarere kubera itandukaniro ryimikorere, imikorere yinganda, nibidukikije. Ihindagurika ryerekana ibibazo byihariye nibyihutirwa bya buri karere, bigira ingaruka kuburyo ingamba zumutekano zishyirwa mubikorwa kandi zigashyirwa mubikorwa.

Ibintu by'ingenzi bigira ingaruka ku itandukaniro ry'akarere

Impamvu nyinshi zigira uruhare mukutandukana kwakarere mubipimo byumutekano. Ibi birimo ibintu bitunganijwe, ibintu byabantu, nibitandukaniro ryumuco. Imbonerahamwe ikurikira irerekana izi ngaruka:

Uturere dufite igenzura rikomeye, nk'Uburayi, bushimangira kubahiriza icyemezo cya ATEX / IECEx. Ibi byemeza ko ibikoresho bikoreshwa muri zone bishobora guteza umutekano muke. Ibinyuranye, utundi turere dushobora gushyira imbere ibipimo byaho bikenerwa ninganda zihariye cyangwa ibidukikije.

Ingero zubuziranenge bwakarere

1. Uburayi: Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’i Burayi utegeka icyemezo cya ATEX ku bikoresho bikoreshwa mu kirere giturika. Ibi bituma ingamba z’umutekano zihuza ibihugu bigize uyu muryango, bigashyigikira urwego rwo hejuru rwubahirizwa.
2. Amerika y'Amajyaruguru: Amerika na Kanada bishingikiriza ku bipimo bya NEC na CEC, bishyira ahantu hashobora guteza akaga bitandukanye na sisitemu y'Uburayi. Ibipimo byibanda kubisabwa birambuye byumutekano w'amashanyarazi.
3. Aziya-Pasifika: Ibihugu byo muri kano karere bikunze kwemeza kuvanga ibipimo mpuzamahanga, nka IECEx, namabwiriza yaho. Kurugero, Ositaraliya na Nouvelle-Zélande bihuza cyane n’ibipimo bya IECEx, mu gihe ibihugu byo mu majyepfo y’iburasirazuba bwa Aziya bishobora gushyiramo andi mabwiriza yo gukemura ibibazo by’akarere.

Ingirakamaro kubakora n'abakoresha

Ababikora bagamije kugurisha amatara yumuriro kwisi yose bagomba kugendana itandukaniro ryakarere. Gukurikiza ibyemezo byinshi, nk'icyemezo cya ATEX / IECEx hamwe na UL, byemeza ko ibicuruzwa byujuje ibyangombwa bitandukanye by’umutekano ku masoko atandukanye. Kubakoresha, gusobanukirwa gutandukana nibyingenzi muguhitamo ibikoresho byubahiriza amabwiriza yaho kandi bitanga umutekano mwiza muri zone zangiza.

Inama: Ibigo bikorera mu turere twinshi bigomba gutekereza kwemeza ibyemezo byemewe ku isi nka IECEx kugirango byoroherezwe kubahiriza no kongera umutekano kurubuga rwose rukora.

Mu kumenya no gukemura itandukaniro ry’akarere mu bipimo by’umutekano, inganda zirashobora kurinda umutekano uhoraho abakozi n’ibikoresho, hatitawe aho biherereye.

Ibisabwa bya tekinike kubitereko byishyurwa

Kuramba kw'ibikoresho no guturika-Ibishushanyo mbonera

Amatara yumuriro yagenewe zone ishobora guteza akaga agomba kwerekana ibintu bidasanzwe biramba hamwe nubushobozi bwo guturika. Ibi bikoresho byemeza ko ibikoresho bishobora kwihanganira ibihe bikabije mugihe birinda ingaruka ziterwa n’umuriro ahantu hashobora gutwikwa. Ababikora bayobora amatara kuriikizamini gikomeyekwemeza imikorere yabo no kwizerwa.

• Ibizamini biturikawemeze ko igishushanyo mbonera kibuza ibishashi cyangwa ubushyuhe gutwika imyuka yaka.
• Ibizamini byo kurinda ingresssuzuma ibintu bitarimo amazi n’umukungugu, kurinda ibice byimbere mubidukikije.
• Ibizamini byo kurwanya ruswagusuzuma ubushobozi bwamatara yo kwihanganira gutera umunyu, ukareba imikorere yigihe kirekire munganda zo mu nyanja cyangwa imiti.
• Ibizamini byo kurwanya ibinyeganyegakwigana ibikorwa byinyeganyeza kugirango ugenzure ituze nubusugire bwibikoresho.
• Ibizamini byo guhuza n'imihindagurikire y'ikireremenya neza ko itara rikora neza mubushuhe bukabije cyangwa ubukonje, birinda umunaniro wibintu.

Ibi bizamini, bifatanije nimpamyabumenyi nka ATEX / IECEx ibyemezo, byemeza ko amatara yujuje ubuziranenge mpuzamahanga. Uru rwego rwo kuramba no gushushanya-guturika ni ngombwa kuriinganda nka peteroli na gaze, ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, n'inganda zikora imiti, aho umutekano udashobora guhungabana.

Umutekano wa Bateri no kubahiriza

Batteri ikoresha amatara yumuriro igomba kuba yujuje umutekano muke no kubahiriza ibipimo kugirango hirindwe ingaruka. Batteri ya Litiyumu-ion, ikunze gukoreshwa muri ibyo bikoresho, ikorerwa igeragezwa ryinshi kugirango irebe ko ishobora gukora neza ahantu hashobora guteza akaga.

Ingamba zingenzi z’umutekano zirimo:

• Kurinda ubushyuhe bukabije, bushobora gutera guhunga cyangwa guturika.
• Kwirinda imiyoboro migufi binyuze mubishushanyo mbonera byimbere.
• Kurwanya imihangayiko, kwemeza ko bateri ikomeza kuba nziza mugihe gitonyanga cyangwa ingaruka.
• Guhuza nubushyuhe bukabije, gukomeza imikorere utabangamiye umutekano.

Icyemezo cya UL gifite uruhare runini mukugenzura umutekano wa bateri. Iki cyemezo cyemeza ko bateri zujuje ubuziranenge bwisi yose yo kwizerwa no gukora. Iyo uhujwe nicyemezo cya ATEX / IECEx, gitanga ibyiringiro byuzuye ko itara rifite umutekano kugirango rikoreshwe ahantu hashobora kwibasirwa cyane.

Umucyo usohoka hamwe nibikorwa bya Beam

Kumurika neza ni ngombwa kubakozi bakorera muri zone zangiza. Amatara yongeye kwishyurwa agomba gutanga urumuri ruhoraho kandi rukora neza kugirango urumuri rugaragare neza n'umutekano.

Ababikora bibanda kubintu byinshi kugirango babigereho:

• Urwego rwumucyoigomba kuba ihagije kugirango imurikire ahantu hijimye cyangwa hafunzwe nta gutera urumuri.
• Intera n'ubugariigomba gutanga neza neza ibidukikije, ifasha abakozi kumenya ingaruka zishobora kubaho.
• Kuramba k'urumuri rusohokairemeza ko itara rikomeza gukora mugihe cyagutse cyakazi.
• Igenamiterereemerera abakoresha guhitamo ubukana bwurumuri no kwibanda kumurongo ukurikije imirimo yihariye.

Ibizamini byiza byo gukora byemeza ibyo biranga, byemeza ko itara ryujuje ubuziranenge bwinganda kumurika no kumurika. Amatara maremare cyane ntabwo atezimbere imikorere gusa ahubwo agabanya ibyago byimpanuka muri zone zangiza.

Ibipimo bya IP no kurengera ibidukikije

Amatara yumuriro akoreshwa muri zone ishobora guteza akaga agomba guhangana n’ibidukikije bigoye. Urutonde rwa IP, cyangwaIbipimo byo Kurinda Ingress, gira uruhare runini muguhitamo ubushobozi bwigikoresho cyo kurwanya umukungugu, amazi, nibindi bintu byo hanze. Iri gipimo cyashyizweho na komisiyo mpuzamahanga y’ikoranabuhanga (IEC), ritanga urugero rusanzwe rwo kurinda.

Gusobanukirwa amanota ya IP

Ibipimo bya IP bigizwe n'imibare ibiri. Umubare wambere werekana kurinda ibice bikomeye, mugihe imibare ya kabiri yerekana kurwanya amazi. Umubare munini usobanura uburinzi bukomeye. Urugero:

Ibipimo byerekana ko amatara akomeza gukora mubidukikije aho umukungugu, ubushuhe, cyangwa amazi bishobora guhungabanya imikorere yabyo.

Akamaro k'ibipimo bya IP muri Zone Ziteje akaga

Ahantu hateye akaga akenshi usanga ibikoresho mubihe bikabije. Amatara yumuriro agomba kuba yujuje amanota ya IP kugirango yizere kandi umutekano. Inyungu z'ingenzi zirimo:

• Kurwanya umukungugu: Irinda ibice kwinjira mubikoresho, bishobora gutera imikorere mibi cyangwa ingaruka zo gutwikwa.
• Amashanyarazi: Irinda ibice byimbere mubushuhe, byemeza imikorere idahagarara mubidukikije bitose.
• Kuramba: Kongera ubuzima bwamatara, kugabanya amafaranga yo kubungabunga no gutaha.

Inama: Mugihe uhisemo itara rya zone zangiza, shyira imbere moderi hamwe na IP67 cyangwa urwego rwo hejuru kugirango urinde neza.

Kwipimisha no Kwemeza Kurengera Ibidukikije

Ababikora bakora amatara kugirango bagerageze kwemeza IP. Ibi bizamini bigereranya imiterere-yisi kugirango igikoresho gikore neza. Inzira zisanzwe zirimo:

• Ibizamini by'Urugereko rw'umukungugu: Suzuma ubushobozi bwamatara yo kurwanya ibice byiza.
• Ibizamini byo Gusasa Amazi: Suzuma uburinzi bwindege zumuvuduko ukabije.
• Ibizamini byo Kwibiza: Kugenzura imikorere mugihe kinini cyamazi.

Ibikoresho byatsinze ibi bizamini byakira ibyemezo, nka ATEX cyangwa IECEx, byemeza ko bikwiriye ahantu hashobora guteza akaga.

Gusaba-Ibitekerezo byihariye

Inganda zitandukanye zisaba urwego rutandukanye rwo kurengera ibidukikije. Urugero:

• Amavuta na gaze: Amatara agomba kurwanya ivumbi n’amazi mugihe cyo gucukura.
• Ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro: Ibikoresho bigomba kwihanganira kwibizwa mumazi yuzuye amazi.
• Gukora imiti: Ibikoresho bigomba kuguma bikora mubidukikije hamwe nibintu byangirika.

Guhitamo itara ryiza rya IP-ryerekana neza umutekano no gukora neza muribi bisabwa.

Icyitonderwa: Ibipimo bya IP byonyine ntabwo byemeza ubushobozi bwo guturika. Buri gihe ugenzure icyemezo cya ATEX cyangwa IECEx kugirango hubahirizwe akarere.

Mugusobanukirwa amanota ya IP nuruhare rwabo mukurengera ibidukikije, inganda zirashobora gufata ibyemezo byuzuye mugihe uhisemo amatara yishyurwa. Ibi bituma umutekano w'abakozi n'ibikoresho byiringirwa ahantu hashobora kwibasirwa cyane.

Guhitamo Itara ryukuri rishobora kwishyurwa

Guhuza Amatara Ibiranga Ibice Byangiza

Guhitamo neza amatara yumuriro atangirana no gusobanukirwa umwiharikogushyira akarere mu kagaaho bizakoreshwa. Buri karere - Zone 0, Zone 1, cyangwa Zone 2 - bisaba ibikoresho bifite umutekano wihariye kugirango bigabanye ingaruka. Kurugero, Zone 0 ibidukikije bisaba amatara hamwe nurwego rwo hejuru rwibishushanyo mbonera biturika, kuko ikirere giturika gikomeje kuboneka. Ibinyuranye, amatara ya Zone 2 arashobora gushyira imbere kuramba no kurengera ibidukikije, kuko ibyago byo guturika bitagaragara cyane.

Isesengura rigereranya ryamatara yumuriro na batiri ikoreshwa birashobora kurushaho kuyobora gufata ibyemezo:

Iyi mbonerahamwe irerekana uburyo ibikenewe bikenerwa n’ibidukikije bigira ingaruka ku guhitamo ibiranga amatara.

Gusuzuma ATEX / IECEx Icyemezo no kubahiriza

Icyemezo cya ATEX / IECEx gifite uruhare runini mukurinda umutekano wamatara yaka umuriro muri zone zangiza. Izi mpamyabumenyi zemeza ko ibikoresho byakorewe isuzuma ryigenga kugira ngo byuzuze amahame akomeye y’umutekano. Amabwiriza ya ATEX, kurugero, agaragaza ubuzima bukenewe n’umutekano ku bicuruzwa bikoreshwa mu kirere giturika. Kubahiriza aya mahame ntabwo byongera umutekano gusa ahubwo binatanga igitekerezo cyo guhuza, koroshya inzira zemewe.

Ku nganda zikorera ahantu hashobora guteza akaga, guhitamo amatara hamwe nicyemezo cya ATEX / IECEx byemeza ko ibikoresho bitazana izindi ngaruka. Iki cyemezo kirakomeye cyane mubidukikije nkibimera bivura imiti cyangwa uruganda rutunganya amavuta, aho n’amasoko mato ashobora gutwika ibintu bishobora guteza impanuka.

Gusaba-Ibitekerezo byihariye (Ubwiza, Igihe, nibindi)

Ibisabwa mubikorwa bya zone ishobora guteza akaga akenshi bigena ibintu byihariye bikenewe mumatara yumuriro. Urwego rwumucyo, kurugero, rugomba gushyira mu gaciro hagati yo gutanga urumuri ruhagije no kwirinda urumuri rushobora kubangamira kugaragara. Igihe cyo gukora nikindi kintu cyingenzi, cyane cyane kubakozi bakorera ahantu kure cyangwa mugihe kinini. Amatara hamwe nibishobora guhinduka kumurika hamwe na bateri zimara igihe kirekire zitanga ibintu byoroshye kandi byizewe.

Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe bwerekana ubwihindurize bwamatara kugirango ahuze ibyo asabwa. Kurugero, inzibacyuho kuva MIL-STD-810F ikagera kuri MIL-STD-810G yazamuye igihe kirekire n'umutekano kubikorwa byubucukuzi. Iterambere ryemeza ko amatara akora neza muburyo butandukanye bwangiza, kurinda abakozi mubihe bikabije.

Inama: Mugihe uhisemo itara, shyira imbere ibintu bihuye nimirimo yihariye nibibazo byibidukikije bya zone ishobora guteza akaga.

Igishushanyo mbonera cya Ergonomic kandi gikoresha inshuti

Amatara yongeye kwishyurwa yagenewe uturere dushobora guteza akaga agomba gushyira imbere ergonomique no kubakoresha-inshuti kugirango umutekano w'abakozi ukore neza. Ibikoresho byateguwe nabi birashobora kuganisha ku mubiri, kugabanya umusaruro, no kongera ibyago byo kwibeshya. Ababikora bakemura ibyo bibazo bashiramo ibintu byongera ihumure, imikoreshereze, nibikorwa.

Ibyingenzi byingenzi bya ergonomic harimo kugabanya imbaraga zumubiri binyuze muburyo bworoshye kandi bworoshye. Abakozi bakunze kwambara amatara mugihe kinini, bigatuma kugabanya ibiro ari ngombwa. Guhindura imishumi yemerera abakoresha guhitamo ibikwiye, byemeza ihumure mubunini butandukanye bwumutwe nubwoko bwingofero. Igikorwa kitarimo amaboko cyongera imbaraga zikoreshwa, gifasha abakozi kwibanda kumirimo nta kurangaza.

Ibintu byinshi byakoreshwa bitezimbere uburambe muri rusange kubakoresha:

• Igenzura ryimbitse ryoroshya imikorere, rigabanya amahirwe yamakosa mubidukikije byumuvuduko mwinshi.
• Igenamiterere ridahinduka ritanga ubworoherane, ryemerera abakoresha guhindura urwego rwurumuri rushingiye kumirimo yihariye cyangwa kumurika.
• Ubuzima burebure bwa batiri butuma imikorere idahungabana mugihe cyagutse, cyane cyane ahantu kure.

Uburyo abakoresha bakorana nibikoresho nabyo bigira ingaruka kumikorere yabyo. Amabwiriza asobanutse kandi byoroshye-gusoma-kwerekana kwerekana itara ryoroshye cyane, ndetse kubakoresha bwa mbere. Ibi biranga ntabwo bitezimbere umutekano gusa ahubwo binongera umusaruro mukugabanya igihe cyatewe no kwitiranya cyangwa gukoresha nabi.

Ubushakashatsi bwa Ergonomic bwemeza aya mahame yo gushushanya. Bagaragaza akamaro ko kugabanya imbaraga zumubiri, kugabanya uburemere nubunini, no kwemeza gukoreshwa neza. Muguhuza ibi bintu, ababikora bakora amatara yujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa muri zone zangiza mugihe bashyira imbere imibereho myiza yabakozi.

Inama: Mugihe uhisemo itara, tekereza kubintu bifite imishumi ishobora guhinduka, kubaka byoroheje, hamwe nubugenzuzi bwimbitse. Ibiranga byongera ihumure no gukoreshwa, byemeza imikorere yizewe mubidukikije bigoye.

Kubungabunga no Kwimenyereza Byiza

Kugenzura bisanzwe no kugerageza protocole

Kugenzura buri gihe no kugerageza amatara yumuriro ningirakamaro kugirango tumenye neza muri zone zangiza. Abakozi bagomba gusuzuma igitereko cyamatara cyacitse cyangwa ibimenyetso byerekana ko bishobora guhungabanya igishushanyo mbonera cyacyo. Ibice bya batiri bigomba kuguma bifunze kandi bitarangiritse kugirango birinde imikorere mibi.Kugerageza urumuri rusohokambere yuko buri mikoreshereze itanga imikorere ihamye kandi ikagaragaza ibibazo byose bifite umucyo cyangwa urumuri.

Amashyirahamwe agomba gushyiraho gahunda yakwipimisha buri gihemu buryo bwakazi. Iyi myitozo ifasha kugenzura ko itara ryujuje ubuziranenge bwumutekano kandi rikora neza muburyo nyabwo. Ibisubizo byubugenzuzi byemerera amakipe gukurikirana imyambarire no gukemura ibibazo byagarutsweho.

Inama: Kugena inshingano zubugenzuzi kubakozi bahuguwe bitanga isuzuma ryuzuye kandi bigabanya ibyago byo kugenzura.

Amabwiriza yo Gusukura no Kubika

Gusukura neza no kubika neza byongerera igihe cyamatara yumuriro mugihe gikomeza umutekano wabo. Mbere yo gukora isuku, abakoresha bagomba kuzimya igikoresho no gukuramo bateri kugirango birinde ingaruka z'amashanyarazi. Umwenda woroshye hamwe nisabune yoroheje ukuraho neza umwanda na grime mumurongo. Ibikoresho bya batiri hamwe na kashe bigomba kugenzurwa mugihe cyogusukura kugirango bigumane neza kandi bikora.

Imiterere yububiko ifite uruhare runini mukuzigama itara ryamatara. Ibikoresho bigomba kubikwa ahantu hakonje, humye kure yizuba ryinshi cyangwa ubushyuhe bukabije. Gukoresha imanza zirinda birinda kwangirika kubwimpanuka mugihe cyo kubika cyangwa gutwara.

Icyitonderwa: Irinde gukoresha imiti ikaze cyangwa ibikoresho byangiza mugihe cyo gukora isuku, kuko ibyo bishobora gutesha agaciro igitereko cyo gukingira.

Kwita kuri Bateri no Gusimbuza

Kubungabunga bateri zamatara yumuriro ningirakamaro kugirango habeho imikorere ihamye mubidukikije. Abakoresha bagomba kwishingikiriza kumashanyarazi yemewe nuwabikoze kugirango birinde kwishyurwa cyane cyangwa gushyuha. Batteri ntigomba kwemererwa gusohora byuzuye, kuko ibyo bishobora kugabanya ubuzima bwabo muri rusange. Kubika bateri ahantu hakonje, humye bigabanya ibyago byo kwangirika kwubushyuhe.

Ubushobozi bwo gusimbuza bateri byongera byoroshye kwizerwa kumatara. Kurugero, itara rya Nightcore HA23UHE ryemerera abakoresha guhinduranya bateri AAA bitagoranye. Iyi mikorere ituma imikorere idahagarara mugihe cyo kwagura cyangwa ibikorwa byo hanze, kugabanya impungenge zubuzima bwa bateri no gukenera kwishyurwa.

Inama: Buri gihe ugenzure bateri ibimenyetso byerekana kubyimba cyangwa gutemba hanyuma ubisimbuze ako kanya kugirango wirinde ingaruka zishobora kubaho.

Mugukurikiza ubu buryo bwiza, inganda zirashobora kwagura umutekano, kwizerwa, no kuramba kumatara yumuriro muri zone zangiza.

Amahugurwa yo gukoresha neza no kubahiriza

Amahugurwa akwiye atuma abakozi bakoresha amatara yaka umuriro kandi bakubahiriza amahame yumutekano ku isi. Amashyirahamwe akorera mu turere dushobora guteza akaga agomba gushyira imbere uburezi kugirango agabanye ingaruka kandi azamure imikorere.

Ibyingenzi byingenzi bya gahunda zamahugurwa

Gahunda nziza zamahugurwa zigomba gukemura ibibazo bikurikira:

• Gusobanukirwa Uturere twangiza: Abakozi bagomba kwiga ibyiciro bya zone zangiza (Zone 0, Zone 1, Zone 2) hamwe ningaruka zijyanye na buri.
• Kumenyekanisha ibikoresho: Amahugurwa agomba kuba akubiyemo amasomo yo kumenyera abakozi bafite amatara maremare, harimo imiterere yumucyo, gusimbuza bateri, hamwe na IP amanota.
• Amasezerano yumutekano: Abakozi bagomba gusobanukirwa nuburyo bwo kugenzura, gukora isuku, no kubika amatara kugirango babungabunge igishushanyo mbonera.

Inama: Shyiramo imfashanyigisho n'amashusho yerekanwe kugirango utezimbere kugumana no kwishora mugihe cy'amahugurwa.

Inyungu zamahugurwa asanzwe

Gahunda zamahugurwa zitanga ibyiza byinshi:

1. Umutekano wongerewe: Abakozi bunguka ubumenyi bwo kumenya ingaruka zishobora kubaho no gukoresha ibikoresho neza.
2. Icyizere cyo kubahiriza: Amahugurwa akwiye yemeza kubahiriza amahame ya ATEX / IECEx, bikagabanya ibyago byo kurenga ku mategeko.
3. Gukora neza: Abakozi bize barashobora gukemura ibibazo bito, kugabanya amasaha yo hasi no kubungabunga.

Uburyo bwo Gutanga Amahugurwa

Amashirahamwe arashobora gukoresha uburyo butandukanye bwo gutanga amahugurwa:

• Amahugurwa Kumurongo: Imyitozo ngororamubiri ikorerwa muri zone iteje akaga itanga uburambe-bwisi.
• E-Kwiga Module: Amasomo yo kumurongo atanga ubworoherane nubunini bwamakipe manini.
• Gahunda yo Kwemeza: Gufatanya ninzego zinganda bituma abakozi bahabwa amahugurwa yemewe ajyanye nubuziranenge bwisi.

Icyitonderwa: Amasomo asanzwe yo kunoza afasha abakozi gukomeza kugezwaho amakuru ajyanye numutekano ugenda utera imbere.

Urugero

Mu rwego rwa peteroli na gaze, isosiyete yashyize mu bikorwa amahugurwa buri gihembwe yibanze ku bikoresho byemewe na ATEX. Iyi gahunda yagabanije ibikoresho bijyanye n’ibikoresho ku kigero cya 35% kandi byongera icyizere cy’abakozi mu gukemura ibibazo by’akarere k’akaga.

Mugushora imari muri gahunda zamahugurwa yuzuye, amashyirahamwe arashobora gukoresha neza no kubahiriza umutekano, kurinda abakozi nibikoresho ahantu hashobora kwibasirwa cyane.

Ibipimo by’umutekano ku isi ku matara yishyurwa muri zone zangiza bigira uruhare runini mu kurinda abakozi no gukora neza imikorere. Impamyabumenyi nka ATEX na IECEx zemeza ko ibikoresho byujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa byumutekano, bikagabanya ingaruka mubidukikije bishobora guteza ibyago byinshi.

Kwibutsa.

Mugushira imbere umutekano no gukurikiza aya mahame, inganda zirashobora gukora aho zikorera neza mugihe zongera umusaruro no kugabanya ingaruka zishobora kubaho.

Ibibazo

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya ATEX na IECEx?

Icyemezo cya ATEX kireba cyane cyane Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, mu gihe IECEx itanga urwego rwemewe ku isi hose ku bijyanye n’umutekano w’ikirere. Byombi byemeza ko ibikoresho byujuje ubuziranenge bw’umutekano, ariko IECEx yorohereza ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga mu guhuza ibisabwa mu turere.

Ni kangahe amatara yishyurwa agomba kugenzurwa?

Amatara yumuriro agomba kugenzurwa mbere yo gukoreshwa no kwipimisha buri gihe mugihe cyakazi cyakozwe. Igenzura risanzwe ryemeza ko igikoresho gikomeza kubahiriza amahame yumutekano kandi kigakora neza mu turere twangiza.

Ese itara rifite amanota ya IP67 rishobora gukoreshwa muri Zone 0?

Oya, igipimo cya IP67 cyerekana gusa kurinda umukungugu n'amazi. Zone 0 ibidukikije bisaba amatara hamwe nicyemezo cya ATEX cyangwa IECEx kugirango harebwe ubushobozi bwo kwirinda ibisasu mubice bifite ikirere gikomeza guturika.

Kuki icyemezo cya UL ari ingenzi kumatara yishyurwa?

Icyemezo cya UL cyemeza umutekano no kwizerwa bya bateri ya lithium-ion ikoreshwa mumatara. Igenzura ko bateri zishobora kwihanganira ibihe bikabije, bikarinda ingaruka nko gushyuha cyane cyangwa imiyoboro migufi muri zone ishobora guteza akaga.

Ni ibihe bintu abakozi bagomba gushyira imbere muguhitamo itara?

Abakozi bagomba gushyira imbere ibyemezo biturika (ATEX / IECEx), urwego rukwiye rwo kumurika, igihe kirekire cya bateri, hamwe nubushakashatsi bwa ergonomic. Ibiranga umutekano, guhumurizwa, no kwizerwa mubidukikije.

Inama: Buri gihe uhuze amatara yibiranga kumurongo wihariye utera akaga kubwumutekano mwiza.