Amatara yinganda kubikorwa bya peteroli: Icyemezo cya ATEX & IECEx cyasobanuwe

Uruganda rwa peteroli rugaragaza ibihe bibi bisaba ibikoresho byihariye byo kumurika. Amatara yemewe yinganda abakozi ba peteroli bakoresha bagomba kurwanya imiti, kwihanganira ihungabana, no kwerekana ibikoresho biramba. Izi mpamyabumenyi, nka ATEX na IECEx, zifasha kubahiriza kubahiriza ibisabwa byo kumurika OSHA no kurinda abakozi ibyago. Amatara akwiye amurikira ibikorwa byingenzi, ashyigikira umutekano, kandi yujuje ibyifuzo byihariye bya zone zitandukanye.

Ibyingenzi

• Amatara yemewe ni ngombwakubwumutekano wa peteroli. Barinda gutwika ahantu haturika, kurinda abakozi ibyago.
• Buri gihe ugenzure ibimenyetso bya ATEX na IECEx kumatara. Ibi bimenyetso byemeza kubahiriza amahame yumutekano kuri zone zangiza.
• Hitamo amatara ashingiyeurwego rwihariye rushobora gutondekanya. Uturere dutandukanye dusaba ibintu bitandukanye byumutekano kugirango twizere ko byubahirizwa.
• Kugenzura buri gihe no gusimbuza amatara yemewe. Iyi myitozo ikomeza amahame yumutekano kandi ifasha kwirinda ihazabu ihenze kubera kutayubahiriza.
• Hitamo amatara maremare akozwe mubikoresho birwanya. Bagomba kwihanganira ibihe bibi, harimo guhura n’imiti no guhungabana ku mubiri.

Impamyabumenyi ya ATEX na IECEx kumatara yinganda zamavuta Rig

Icyemezo cya ATEX cyasobanuwe

Icyemezo cya ATEX gishyiraho ibipimo byibikoresho bikoreshwa mu kirere giturika mu muryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi. Amabwiriza ya ATEX, azwi ku izina rya Diregiteri 2014/34 / EU, arasaba abayikora gukora ibicuruzwa bibuza gutwika ahantu hashobora guteza akaga.Amatara yingandaabakozi ba peteroli bakoresha bagomba kuba bujuje ibisabwa kugirango umutekano w’amashanyarazi, imbaraga za mashini, no kurwanya ibidukikije. Ikimenyetso cya ATEX kumatara yerekana kubahiriza ibi bisabwa. Ababikora bapima buri gicuruzwa kuramba no kwizerwa mbere yo gutanga ibyemezo.

Inama:Buri gihe ugenzure ibimenyetso bya ATEX hamwe na code yo gutondekanya ibicuruzwa. Ibi byerekana ko itara ryujuje ubuziranenge bukenewe kuri zone ziturika.

Icyemezo cya IECEx cyasobanuwe

Icyemezo cya IECEx gitanga urwego rwisi rwumutekano wibikoresho mu kirere giturika. Komisiyo mpuzamahanga y’ikoranabuhanga (IEC) yashyizeho ubu buryo bwo guhuza ibipimo mu bihugu bitandukanye. Icyemezo cya IECEx cyemeza ko amatara y’inganda abakozi ba peteroli bakoresha batsinze ibizamini bikomeye ku mutekano w’amashanyarazi n’ubukanishi. Inzira ikubiyemo isuzuma ryigenga no gukomeza gukurikirana imikorere yinganda. Amatara yemewe na IECEx yerekana numero yihariye yicyemezo na kode yumutekano, byorohereza abashinzwe umutekano kugenzura niba byubahirizwa.

Akamaro k'icyemezo cyumutekano wa peteroli

Icyemezo kigira uruhare runini mu kurinda abakozi ba peteroli kwirinda inkongi y'umuriro no guturika. Amatara yinganda zikora ibidukikije byerekana ingaruka zidasanzwe, harimo imyuka yaka n ivumbi. Amatara yemewe agabanya amahirwe yo gutwikwa kubwimpanuka ukoresheje amazu afunze hamwe nibikoresho bidashobora kwangirika. Abashinzwe umutekano bashingira ku bimenyetso bya ATEX na IECEx kugirango bahitemo ibikoresho bikwiye kuri buri karere k’akaga. Kugenzura buri gihe no gusimbuza amatara yemewe bikomeza amahame yumutekano kandi bigashyigikira kubahiriza amabwiriza.

Icyitonderwa:Amatara yemewe ntabwo arengera abakozi gusa ahubwo anafasha ibigo kwirinda amande ahenze no gufungwa kubera kutayubahiriza.

Itandukaniro Hagati ya ATEX na IECEx kumatara yinganda zamavuta Rig

Imiterere ya geografiya no kuyishyira mu bikorwa

Impamyabumenyi ya ATEX na IECEx ikorera mu turere dutandukanye kandi dukeneye amabwiriza. Icyemezo cya ATEX gikurikizwa mu muryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi. Ni itegeko ku bikoresho bikoreshwa mu kirere giturika, harimo na peteroli ikorera mu mazi y’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi. Icyemezo cya IECEx, kurundi ruhande, gikora nka sisitemu mpuzamahanga ku bushake. Ibihugu byinshi hanze y’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi byemera IECEx, bigatuma ibera ibikorwa by’isi yose. Abakora ibikomoka kuri peteroli bakunze guhitamo ibyemezo bishingiye aho aho bigarukira nibisabwa n'amategeko muri kariya karere.

Abakozi bakorera mu bihugu byinshi barashobora guhitamo IECEx yemewe ninganda zamatara yinganda zikenewe, kuko iki cyemezo cyerekana kubahiriza imipaka.

Kugereranya ibyemezo

Uburyo bwo gutanga ibyemezo kuri ATEX na IECEx buratandukanye mubice byinshi byingenzi:

• Icyemezo cya ATEX: Bishimangirwa ninzego zamenyeshejwe (ExNBs) muri EU. Izi nzego zitanga ibyemezo by’ibihugu by’Uburayi kandi byemeza ko byubahirizwa n’amabwiriza akomeye yo mu karere.
• Icyemezo cya IECEx: Kugenzurwa na komite ishinzwe imiyoborere ya IECEx. Sisitemu ikoresha ububikoshingiro hamwe nuburyo bumwe, ariko ntabwo ifite ubuyobozi bumwe bwo kubahiriza. Inzira iteza imbere gukorera mu mucyo no kwemerwa kwisi yose.

Guhitamo Icyemezo Cyukuri cya Amavuta Rig

Guhitamo icyemezo gikwiye biterwa nibintu byinshi:

• Ibiranga umutekano bisabwa mu kirere giturika
• Ibipimo ngenderwahoy'ibicuruzwa byemewe, bishobora kugira ingaruka ku kwizerwa
• Porogaramu igenewe nibidukikije byihariye aho amatara azakoreshwa
• Imiterere ya geografiya, nkuko ATEX yubahirizwa byemewe n’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, mu gihe IECEx itanga kumenyekana ku rwego mpuzamahanga

Abakora peteroli bagomba gusuzuma aho bakorera nibikenewe. Bagomba kandi gutekereza kubisabwa mumutekano wamakipe yabo. Guhitamo ibyemezo bikwiye kuriamatara yingandaibidukikije bya peteroli bifasha kubahiriza amategeko no kurengera abakozi.

Ahantu hateye akaga nubuziranenge bwumutekano kumatara yinganda

Ibyago bya Zone Ibyiciro kuri peteroli

Ibipimo by’umutekano mpuzamahanga bigabanya ibidukikije bya peteroli ahantu hashobora guteza akaga hashingiwe ku kuba imyuka iturika ihari. Buri karere gafite ibisabwa byihariye kugirango umutekano wibikoresho. Imbonerahamwe ikurikira irerekana ibyiciro byingenzi ningaruka zabyo kubikoresho byo kumurika:

Ibi byiciro bifasha abashinzwe umutekano kumenya aho ibyago byo gutwikwa ari byinshi kandi bikayobora guhitamo ibisubizo byamatara byujuje ibisabwa.

Ibisabwa Icyemezo na Zone

Gutondekanya ahantu hateye akaga bigira uruhare runini muguhitamo ibyangombwa bisabwa kugirango amatara yinganda zikoreshwa mu nganda zikoreshwa. Ibikoresho byo kumurika muri utwo turere bigomba kubuza urumuri urwo arirwo rwose cyangwa urumuri rutwika ikirere gikikije. Ibisabwa biratandukanye kuri zone:

• Zone 0 isaba amatara yimbere imbere, kuko imyuka iturika ihora ihari.
• Zone 1 isaba ibintu biturika cyangwa ibikoresho bifite umutekano imbere, bikwiranye n’ahantu gazi ihari.
• Zone 2 yemerera itara ridasanzwe cyangwa rifunze amatara, kuko ibyago biri hasi ariko biracyahari.

Gutondekanya neza byemeza ko amatara ahura naamahame akenewe y'umutekanono kurinda abakozi ingaruka zumuriro cyangwa guturika.

Ingaruka ku Guhitamo Amatara

Ibyiciro bya zone byangiza bigira ingaruka muburyo bwo guhitamoamatara yingandaibidukikije bya peteroli bisaba. Abashinzwe umutekano bagomba guhuza icyemezo cyamatara kurwego rwa zone. Kurugero, gusa amatara yimbere afite umutekano agomba gukoreshwa muri Zone 0, mugihe moderi zidashobora guturika zishobora kuba zihagije muri Zone 1. Ibitereko bidaturika cyangwa bifunze bishobora gutekerezwa kuri Zone 2. Ubu buryo bwo gutoranya bwitondewe bufasha gukomeza kubahiriza no kurinda umutekano w'abakozi muri buri gace ka ruganda.

Impanuro: Buri gihe ugenzure ibimenyetso byerekana ibimenyetso kumatara mbere yo gukoreshwa muri zone ishobora guteza akaga. Guhitamo neza bigabanya ingaruka kandi bigashyigikira kubahiriza amabwiriza.

Guhitamo Amatara Yemewe Yinganda Amatara Rig

Gusobanukirwa Ibimenyetso

Ibimenyetso byemeza amatara yinganda abakozi ba peteroli bakoresha batanga amakuru yingenzi kubijyanye n'umutekano kandi bikwiye. Buri kimenyetso cyerekana kubahiriza amahame yihariye. Kurugero, icyemezo cya ATEX cyemeza kubahiriza ibisabwa byumutekano wiburayi kubirere biturika. Icyemezo cya UL kireba amasoko yo muri Amerika ya ruguru kandi agashyira mu byiciro ibikoresho bishingiye ku kuba hari imyuka yaka umuriro, imyuka, cyangwa ivumbi. Imbonerahamwe ikurikira irerekana muri make ibimenyetso byemewe:

Ababikora barimo kandi ibimenyetso byerekana ubushyuhe, kurinda ibyinjira, ibikenerwa, no kurinda amashanyarazi. Ibi bisobanuro bifasha abashinzwe umutekano guhitamo amatara abuza gutwika no guhangana n’ibikomoka kuri peteroli.

Ibyingenzi byingenzi biranga amatara yemewe

Amatara yemewe yinganda zamavuta ibidukikije bisaba ibintu byinshi bitandukanye. Amatara akoresha kubaka bifunze, akenshi bipimwe IP66 cyangwa birenga, kugirango bahagarike umukungugu namazi. Harimo amashanyarazi make nubushyuhe kugirango bagabanye ingaruka ziterwa. Ibikoresho bidacana hamwe nuburyo bukomeye bwumutekano birusheho kunoza uburinzi. Imbonerahamwe ikurikira iragereranya icyitegererezo cyemewe kandi kitemewe:

Amatara yemewe kandi agaragaza uburyo bwigenga bwo kugenzura ibintu bibiri byoroheje, imibiri irwanya imiti, hamwe no gufata neza. Ibiranga byemeza imikorere yizewe muri zone zangiza.

Inama zifatika zo guhitamo kubidukikije bya peteroli

Guhitamo itara ryiburyo bikubiyemo ibitekerezo byinshi bifatika. Abashinzwe umutekano bagomba guhitamo icyitegererezo gifite imishwarara ya elastike ishobora guhinduka hamwe n’ibipimo bitagira amazi, nka IP67. Ibisohoka byoroheje bigomba kugera byibuze 100 lumens hamwe nintera ya metero 105. Amatara agomba kwihanganira umukungugu, grit, amavuta, namazi. Reba ibyemezo nkicyiciro cya I, Igice cya 1 na ATEX Zone 0 kubwumutekano ntarengwa. Ibishushanyo-biturika biturika bifasha kubungabunga ibikorwa byumutekano no kwirinda ibihano byateganijwe.

Impanuro: Buri gihe hitamo itara ryujuje ubuziranenge bwahantu hateye akaga. Amatara yemewe ashyigikira ibikorwa byumutekano kandi arinda abakozi ingaruka ziterwa no gutwikwa.

Amatara yemewe ya ATEX na IECEx afite uruhare runini mumutekano wibikomoka kuri peteroli. Amatara atanga amatara adashobora guturika, kubaka igihe kirekire, no kubahiriza amahame akomeye yumutekano. Abakoresha bagomba guhitamo amatara ashingiye kubisabwa akarere gashobora guteza akaga hamwe nibimenyetso byemeza.

Kugenzura buri gihe no kuvugurura ku matara yemewe bifasha kubungabunga umutekano no kurinda abakozi ahantu hashobora guteza akaga.

Ibibazo

Icyemezo cya ATEX gisobanura iki kumatara yinganda?

Icyemezo cya ATEX cyemeza ko itara ryujuje ubuziranenge bw’umutekano w’iburayi kugira ngo rikoreshwe mu kirere giturika. Ibi byemeza ko igikoresho kitazatwika imyuka yaka cyangwa umukungugu kuri peteroli.

Nigute abakozi bashobora kumenya niba itara ryemewe na IECEx?

Abakozi barashobora kugenzura ikirango cyibicuruzwa kubimenyetso bya IECEx numero yihariye yicyemezo. Ababikora nabo batanga ibisobanuro birambuye mubitabo byabakoresha no kurubuga rwabo.

Kuki ibyuma bya peteroli bisaba amatara yemewe?

Amatara yemewegabanya ibyago byo guturika wirinda ibishashi cyangwa ubushyuhe. Ibikoresho bya peteroli birimo ibintu byaka, bityo abashinzwe umutekano bagomba gukoresha itara ryemewe gusa kugirango barinde abakozi nibikoresho.

Itara rishobora kugira ibyemezo byombi bya ATEX na IECEx?

Yego. Bamwe mubakora ibishushanyo mbonera byujuje ubuziranenge bwa ATEX na IECEx. Ibicuruzwa bitanga ihinduka kubakoresha bakorera mu turere twinshi cyangwa ibisabwa bitandukanye.

Ni kangahe amatara yemewe agomba kugenzurwa cyangwa gusimburwa?

Inzobere mu by'umutekano zirasabaubugenzuzi busanzwebishingiye ku mabwiriza yakozwe n'ababikora. Abakozi bagomba gusimbuza amatara ako kanya niba bagaragaje ibimenyetso byangiritse cyangwa bananiwe kubahiriza ibipimo byemeza.