Amatara yo mu rwego rwa gisirikare: Yujuje amahame ya MIL-STD-810G

Amabwiriza ya MIL-STD-810G agaragaza urutonde rukomeye rw'amabwiriza yo gupima ibidukikije agamije gusuzuma imikorere y'ibikoresho mu bihe bikomeye. Aya mahame asuzuma uburyo igikoresho cyihanganira ibintu nko guhinduka k'ubushyuhe, gutungurwa, guhinda umushyitsi, n'ubushuhe. Ku matara ya gisirikare, kuzuza aya mahame bitanga icyizere cyo kuramba no kwizerwa bidasanzwe. Abasirikare bishingikiriza kuri ibi bikoresho mu gihe cy'ibikorwa bikomeye, akenshi mu bihe bigoye. Mu gukurikiza MIL-STD-810G, abakora bizeza ko amatara yabo ashobora kwihanganira ibihe bikomeye mu gihe agumana imikorere myiza, bigatuma aba amahitamo yizewe yo gukoresha mu buryo bw'amayeri.

Ibintu by'ingenzi byakunzwe

• Amategeko ya MIL-STD-810G atuma amatara ya gisirikare aguma mu bihe bikomeye.
• Ibizamini bikomeye nko gushoka, gutigita no kugenzura ubushyuhe bigaragaza ko bikomeye.
• Ibikoresho bikomeye nka aluminiyumu bikoreshwa mu ndege bituma biramba.
• Ibizamini byo hanze byemeza ko byujuje ibisabwa kandi ko bikora nk'uko byari byasezeranyijwe.
• GuhitamoAmatara ya MIL-STD-810Gbivuze ko bazakora neza mu gihe cy'ikirere kibi.

Gusobanukirwa amahame ya MIL-STD-810G

Incamake ya MIL-STD-810G

MIL-STD-810G ihagarariye iherezo ry'imyaka myinshi y'iterambere mu bipimo ngenderwaho byo gupima ibidukikije. Yatangijwe bwa mbere n'Ingabo zirwanira mu kirere mu 1945, aya mabwiriza agamije kwemeza ko ibikoresho byizerwa mu bihe bitandukanye by'ibidukikije. Verisiyo ya mbere yemewe, MIL-STD-810, yatangijwe mu 1962, ishimangira ibizamini byihariye ku bintu runaka. Uko igihe cyagiye gihita, ivugurura nka MIL-STD-810D mu 1983 ryongereye imbaraga mu ibizamini byo gushotora no gutigita. Isuzuma riheruka, MIL-STD-810G, ryasohotse mu 2008, ryatangije ibizamini byo gutigita mu buryo butandukanye, biganisha ku miterere y'ikirere mu buryo bunoze. Aya mavugurura agaragaza ubwitange bwo kunoza kuramba n'imikorere y'ibikoresho bya gisirikare, harimo n'amatara ya gisirikare, mu bidukikije bikomeye.

Ibihangayikishije ibidukikije byitabwaho hakurikijwe ibipimo ngenderwaho

MIL-STD-810G isuzuma imikorere y'ibikoresho ikoresheje ibintu byinshi bibangamira ibidukikije. Ibi bizamini byemeza ko ibikoresho bishobora kwihanganira imimerere igoye cyane yahura nayo mu bikorwa bya gisirikare. Imbonerahamwe iri hepfo igaragaza uburyo bw'ingenzi bwo kugerageza n'intego zabyo:

Ibi bizamini bikomeye byemeza koamatara ya gisirikaren'ibindi bikoresho biracyakora mu bihe bitandukanye kandi bigoye.

Akamaro ka MIL-STD-810G ku bikoresho bya gisirikare

Kwemeza amahame ya MIL-STD-810G bigira uruhare runini mu kwemeza ko ibikoresho bya gisirikare byizerwa. Urugero, ibizamini byo guhindura umuvuduko byemeza ko ibikoresho bishobora gukora ahantu hari umuvuduko muto, nko mu misozi miremire. Isuzuma ry'ubushyuhe buke ryemeza ko ibikoresho bigumana ubuziranenge mu bihe by'ubukonje, mu gihe ibizamini byo guhindura ubushyuhe byemeza ko imikorere ihamye mu gihe cy'impinduka zitunguranye z'ikirere. Iri suzuma ni ingenzi kugira ngo hakomeze kubaho kwitegura no kurinda ibikorwa mu gihe cy'ubutumwa. By'umwihariko, amatara ya gisirikare yungukira kuri aya mahame binyuze mu gutanga imikorere ihamye mu bihe bikomeye, bigatuma aba ibikoresho by'ingenzi mu bikorwa bya gisirikare.

Impamvu MIL-STD-810G ari ingenzi ku matara ya gisirikare

Uruhare rw'amatara ya gisirikare mu bikorwa bya gisirikare

Amatara ya gisirikare agira uruhare runini mu bikorwa bya gisirikare, aha abasirikare urumuri rwizewe ahantu hatagaragara neza. Ibi bikoresho byagenewe guhaza ibyifuzo byihariye by'ubutumwa bwa gisirikare, aho ubwiza n'ubushobozi bwo guhuza n'imimerere ari byo by'ingenzi. Amatara ya gisirikare agezweho arimo ibintu bigezweho nko gushyiraho imiterere y'urumuri ishobora gutegurwa hamwe n'imiterere y'imirasire ishobora guhindurwa, ibyo bikaba ari ingenzi mu bikorwa byihishe. Imiterere yayo yoroheje kandi iramba, akenshi ikoresha aluminiyumu yo mu rwego rw'indege cyangwa polymeri zigezweho, ituma ishobora kwimurwa nta gutakaza imbaraga. Byongeye kandi, hari ubwoko bwinshi burimoubushobozi bw'imikorere myinshi, nka lazeri yubatswemo n'ibimenyetso byihutirwa, byoroshya ibikoresho abasirikare bitwaza. Utu dushya, hamwe n'igerageza rikomeye ukurikije amahame ya gisirikare, bituma amatara ya gisirikare aba ingenzi mu bihe bitandukanye by'imikorere.

Kwizerwa mu bidukikije bikomeye

Kwizerwa mu bihe bikomeye ni ikimenyetso cy'ukoamatara ya gisirikare. Yubatswe mu bikoresho bigezweho nka aluminiyumu yo mu kirere, aya matara yubatswe kugira ngo yihanganire imimerere mibi, harimo ubushyuhe bukabije, amazi ahura na yo, ndetse n'ingaruka mbi ku mubiri. Kubahiriza MIL-STD-810G bituma aya matara ashobora kwihanganira imikorere mibi ya gisirikare. Urugero, amatara akorerwa ibizamini byo kwirinda impanuka, kwibira mu mazi, ndetse n'ihindagurika ry'ubushyuhe kugira ngo byemezwe imikorere yayo. Uru rwego rwo kuramba ni ingenzi kugira ngo ibikorwa bikomeze kuba byiza, cyane cyane mu turere n'ikirere bitazwi. Abasirikare bashobora kwiringira aya matara kugira ngo akore neza, haba mu mashyamba y'inzitane, mu butayu bwumye, cyangwa mu dusozi dukonje.

Uburyo MIL-STD-810G ikora neza kugira ngo ikore neza

Amabwiriza ya MIL-STD-810G agira uruhare rutaziguye mu kwitegura neza imikorere y'amatara ya gisirikare. Mu gukoresha ibikoresho mu bipimo 29 bikomeye, iyi ngingo isuzuma uburambe mu bihe nyabyo. Urugero, ibizamini byo gutungura no guhindagura bigaragaza imihangayiko yo gutwara no gukoresha mu kibuga, mu gihe isuzuma ry’ibidukikije ryemeza imikorere mu gihe cy’ubushyuhe bwinshi, ubukonje n’ubushuhe. Ugereranyije n’iyabanjirije, MIL-STD-810F, iyi ngingo ivuguruye ishimangira ibizamini byabugenewe no kuramba mu buzima, bigatuma bihuzwa neza n’ibikenewe mu mikorere. Ibikoresho byujuje MIL-STD-810G bifatwa nk’ibiteguye kurwana, biha abasirikare icyizere cy’uko ibikoresho byabo bizakora neza mu bihe bikomeye. Iyi sano iri hagati y’ibizamini no kwitegura igaragaza akamaro ko gukurikiza aya mahame ku bikoresho bya gisirikare.

Uburyo amatara ya gisirikare yujuje amahame ya MIL-STD-810G

Ibizamini by'ingenzi byo kugenzura niba ibintu byujuje ibisabwa (urugero: guhungabana, guhinda umushyitsi, ubushyuhe)

Amatara ya gisirikare akorerwa igeragezwa rikomeye kugira ngo yuzuze amahame ya MIL-STD-810G, agamije kwemeza ko ari ay’ukuri mu bihe bikomeye. Ibi bizamini byigana ibintu bitera imihangayiko mu buzima busanzwe, nko guhungabana, guhinda umushyitsi, no guhinduka kw’ubushyuhe, kugira ngo byemezwe ko biramba.

• Isuzuma ry'ihungabana n'ihindagurika ry'imitingito: Amatara ahura n'ingaruka no kunyeganyega cyane kugira ngo byemezwe imikorere yayo mu gihe cyo kuyakoresha nabi. Ibyuma byo muri laboratwari byigana imiterere y'ubwikorezi n'ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho mu murima, bigatuma ibikoresho bikomeza gukora.
• Gupima ubushyuheIbikoresho bihura n'ubushyuhe bwinshi n'ubukonje, bigatuma habaho ihindagurika ryihuse hagati y'ibidukikije. Ibipimo birimo kubungabunga ubushyuhe bw'intego, igihe cyo gutura kuri buri rugero, no kugenzura imikorere nyuma yo guhura n'ikibazo.
• Isuzuma ry'imitingito: Ibi bizamini bipima ubushobozi bw'urumuri rwo kwihanganira kunyeganyega igihe kirekire, bikerekana ko ibice byarwo biguma ari nta kibazo kandi bikora neza.

Iri suzuma ryemeza ko amatara ya gisirikare ashobora kwihanganira ibidukikije bibi cyane, kuva ku butaka bukonje kugeza ku butayu bushyushye cyane.

Ibikoresho n'imiterere y'ibintu bigomba kwitabwaho

Ibikoresho n'imiterere y'amatara ya gisirikare bigira uruhare runini mu kubahiriza amahame ya MIL-STD-810G. Abakora bashyira imbere kuramba bakoresha aluminiyumu yo mu rwego rw'indege, itanga imbaraga zidasanzwe no kurwanya ingese. Ibi bikoresho bituma itara rishobora kwihanganira ingaruka, ubushuhe n'ibihe bikomeye.

Imiterere y'igishushanyo nayo yongera imikorere. Uburyo bwo kohereza amashusho bushobora guhindurwa butuma abakoresha bashobora gushyira urumuri ku bintu biri kure cyangwa kumurika ahantu hanini. Ubushobozi bw'imikorere myinshi, nko gushyushya USB no gushyushya telefoni zigendanwa, byongera ubushobozi bwo gukoresha hanze. Abahanga mu by'ubwubatsi bashyiramo imiterere ikomeye y'utubuto kugira ngo bakore neza, ndetse no mu gants cyangwa ahantu hatose.

Ibi byitezweho bituma amatara ya gisirikare adakurikiza gusa amahame yubahirizwa ahubwo anatanga umusaruro wizewe mu bihe bitandukanye.

Ingero z'amatara ya gisirikare yujuje ibisabwa

Amatara menshi ya gisirikare agaragaza ko yujuje ibisabwa na MIL-STD-810G. Urugero rumwe rugaragara niitara rya aluminiyumu rifite imikorere myinshi, ihuza kuramba n'imikorere igezweho. Itanga uburyo bwo kugenzura inshuro imwe gusa ku buryo butanu bw'urumuri, bigatuma abakoresha bashobora kumenyera ibyo bakeneye mu mikorere itandukanye.

Iyi toroshi ifasha ubwoko bwinshi bwa bateri, harimo na bateri 18650 na 26650 zishobora gusharijwa, bigatuma ikoreshwa neza. Imiterere yayo yo gusharija ubwoko bwa C ikuraho ikibazo cyo gusenya bateri, bikongera uburyo bworoshye bwo kuyikoresha. Byongeye kandi, itoroshi irimo uburyo bwo gusharija telefoni igendanwa, bigatuma iba ngombwa cyane mu butumwa bwo hanze.

Kubera ko ifite urumuri rushobora gukururwa n'urumuri rukomeye kandi rufite imiterere ya aluminiyumu ikomeye, iyi toroshi igaragaza uburinganire bwiza hagati yo kuramba no gukoresha ibintu byinshi, ihuye n'ibisabwa bikomeye n'amahame ya MIL-STD-810G.

Uburyo bwiza bwo kugenzura ko MIL-STD-810G ikurikiza amategeko

Guhitamo ibikoresho biramba

Ibikoresho biramba ni byo shingiro ry'amatara ya gisirikare akurikiza MIL-STD-810G. Abakora ibikoresho bashyira imbere ibikoresho bishobora kwihanganira imimerere mibi cyane bitabangamiye imikorere. Urugero, aluminiyumu yo mu rwego rw'ikirere itanga imbaraga zidasanzwe no kurwanya ingese, bigatuma iba amahitamo meza mu gukora amatara. Byongeye kandi, Metalphoto® ikunze gukoreshwa ku makarita y'amazina bitewe no kuramba kwayo no kurwanya ibidukikije bikomeye. Iki gikoresho gifite amashusho meza cyane afunze munsi y'urwego rurinda, bigatuma kiramba ndetse no mu bihe bikomeye.

InamaGukoresha ibikoresho nka Metalphoto® byongera imikorere y’ibicuruzwa kandi bikongera igihe cyo gukora, cyane cyane ahantu hari ubushuhe bwinshi cyangwa uduce duto tworoshye.

Mu guhitamo ibikoresho bikomeye, abakora bagenzura ko amatara aguma yizewe mu gihe cy'akazi gakomeye, nubwo haba hari ibibazo by'ibidukikije.

Uburyo bwo gupima no kwemeza

Uburyo bwo gupima no kwemeza ni ingenzi kugira ngo hamenyekane ko MIL-STD-810G yujuje ibisabwa. Ubu buryo bwigana imiterere y’isi isanzwe kugira ngo hamenyekane ko amatara ya gisirikare aramba kandi akorana neza. Ibizamini bisanzwe birimo gusuzuma uburyo bwo gutitira no guhindagura, biganisha ku buryo bwo gufata ibintu mu buryo bukabije, n’ibizamini by’ubushyuhe, bigasuzuma imikorere mu bushyuhe bwinshi n’ubukonje. Ibizamini by’imvura n’ubushuhe byemeza ko bidashobora guhangana n’ubushuhe, mu gihe ibizamini by’umucanga n’umukungugu bipima uburyo bwo kwirinda uduce duto two kwangirika.

Iri suzumabumenyi rikomeye ryemeza ko amatara yujuje ibisabwa byo kwizerwa no gukora neza, ndetse no mu bihe bikomeye cyane.

Akamaro ko kugenzura umuntu wa gatatu

Igenzura ry’umuntu wa gatatu rigira uruhare runini mu kugera ku kubahiriza amategeko ya MIL-STD-810G. Nubwo isuzuma ry’imbere mu kigo ryemeza ko rikurikiza amahame y’ubuziranenge bw’imbere, kwemeza ibintu byo hanze byongera icyizere kandi bigahamya ko bikurikiza ibisabwa mu rwego rwa gisirikare. Laboratwari z’umuntu wa gatatu zizwi zikora isuzuma ryuzuye, zitanga isuzuma ridafite aho ribogamiye ku kuramba n’imikorere y’ibicuruzwa.

Mu gukoresha igenzura ry’uruhande rwa gatatu, abakora ibicuruzwa bagaragaza ko biyemeza gukora ireme n’ubwizerwe, bagenzura ko ibicuruzwa byabo byujuje ibisabwa bikomeye mu bikorwa bya gisirikare.

Ibipimo ngenderwaho bya MIL-STD-810GIkoreshwa nk'igipimo ngenderwaho mu kwemeza ko amatara ya gisirikare aramba kandi yizewe. Izi ngingo zikomeye zemeza ubushobozi bw'amatara yo gukora mu bihe bikomeye, bigatuma aba ngombwa mu bikorwa bya gisirikare. Mu kubahiriza izi ngamba, abakora bizeza ibikoresho bihangana n'ibibazo bibangamira ibidukikije mu gihe bakomeza gukora neza.

Inama: Mu gihe uhitamo itara, shyira imbere imiterere ijyanye na MIL-STD-810G. Ibi bitanga umusaruro wizewe, haba mu bihe bikomeye cyangwa mu bikorwa bikomeye.

Guhitamo itara rijyanye n'ibyo umuntu atunze ntibyongerera gusa ubushobozi bwo gukora ahubwo binatanga amahoro mu mutima no mu bihe bigoye.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa

Ni iki gitandukanya amatara ya gisirikare n'amatara asanzwe?

Amatara ya gisirikare yagenewe kuzuza ibisabwa bikomeye nka MIL-STD-810G. Atanga uburambe burambye, imikorere ihanitse, kandi yizewe mu bihe bikomeye. Aya matara akenshi aba arimoubushobozi bw'imikorere myinshi, nk'imiringa ishobora guhindurwa na bateri zishobora kongera gukoreshwa, bigatuma zikoreshwa mu bikorwa bya gisirikare no hanze.

Ese amatara ya gisirikare ashobora kwihanganira amazi n'ivumbi?

Yego, amatara ya gisirikare yubatswe kugira ngo yihanganire amazi n'umukungugu. Akorerwa ibizamini bya MIL-STD-810G kugira ngo arebe niba umucanga, umukungugu, n'uko amazi adashobora kwitwara neza. Ibi bituma imikorere yayo irushaho kuba mibi mu turere duto, harimo n'ubutayu n'imvura, ariko nta kibazo cyagira.

Ese amatara ya gisirikare akwiriye gukoreshwa atari ay'abasirikare?

Amatara ya gisirikare akoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye kandi ni meza cyane mu bikorwa bitari ibya gisirikare. Kuramba kwayo n'imikorere yayo igezweho bituma iba nziza cyane mu nkambi, mu bwubatsi, mu butumwa bw'ubutabazi no mu kwirwanaho. Imiterere yayo y'imikorere myinshi ituma yizewe mu bihe bitandukanye, ndetse no mu bikorwa byo hanze y'amayeri.

Ni gute amatara ya gisirikare atuma habaho imikorere irambye?

Amatara ya gisirikare akoresha ibikoresho byiza cyane nka aluminiyumu yo mu kirere n'ubuhanga buhanitse. Ashyigikira bateri zishobora kongera gusharijwa, nka 18650 cyangwa 26650, kandi afite sisitemu zo gusharija zikora neza nka za ports za Type-C. Ibi bintu bitanga umusaruro uhoraho kandi bimara igihe kirekire.

Kuki kubahiriza amategeko ya MIL-STD-810G ari ingenzi ku matara ya gisirikare?

Iyubahirizwa rya MIL-STD-810G ryemeza ko amatara ya gisirikare ashobora kwihanganira imimerere igoye cyane. Ibi birimo gutungurwa, guhinda umushyitsi, n'ihindagurika ry'ubushyuhe. Iyubahirizwa ry'amategeko rituma habaho kwitegura no kwizerwa mu mikorere, bigatuma aya matara aba ingenzi mu butumwa bukomeye no mu bidukikije bigoye.