Amatara meza yo hanze kuri buri rugendo

Kubona itara ryo hanze rikwiye byongera cyane uburambe ubwo aribwo bwose. Iki gikoresho cy'ingenzi gitanga urumuri rudakoresha amaboko, ni ingenzi mu kunyura mu nzira cyangwa gushinga inkambi mu bihe by'urumuri ruto. Abantu bashobora kuvumbura igisubizo cyiza cy'urumuri gikwiriye ibikorwa byihariye byo hanze. Itara ryo hanze ryizewe rituma habaho umutekano no koroherwa mu ngendo zitandukanye zo nijoro.

Ibintu by'ingenzi byakunzwe

• Hitamo itara ryo mu mutwebihuye n'ibikorwa byawe. Ibitaramo bitandukanye bisaba ibintu bitandukanye, nko urumuri n'igihe bateri izamara.
• Sobanukirwa n'ibipimo bya lumens na IPX. Amashusho ya lumens akubwira uburyo urumuri rumurika cyane, naho ibipimo bya IPX bigaragaza uburyo rurwanya amazi.
• Hitamo ubwoko bwa bateri bukwiye. Bateri zishobora kongera gusharijwa zigabanya amafaranga uko igihe kigenda gihita, ariko izishobora gukoreshwa zoroshye kuzibona.
• Ihumure no kuramba ni ingenzi. Itara ryoroshye rifite umugozi mwiza riraryoha. Ibikoresho bikomeye bifasha kumara igihe kirekire.
• Koreshaurumuri rutukura n'ibindi bintu birurangaItara ritukura rigufasha kubona mu mwijima utiriwe ubangamira abandi. Ubundi buryo nk'amazi n'imirasire y'ahantu hatandukanye bifasha mu mirimo itandukanye.

Amahitamo yihuse: Amatara yo hanze meza yo mu rugendo runaka

Itara ryiza cyane ryo hanze muri rusange

Itara ryo hanze ryiza cyane ritanga uruvange rw'ibintu bitandukanye bikwiyeibikorwa bitandukanye. Itanga urumuri rw'ingenzi n'intera y'imirasire ku bikorwa bya nijoro, bigatuma abakoresha babona neza imbogamizi. Sisitemu ya bateri ishobora kongera gukoreshwa itanga inyungu ku giciro gito no ku bidukikije, ikuraho gukenera bateri zikoreshwa rimwe na rimwe. Aya matara y'imbere akunze kuba arimo uburyo butandukanye bw'urumuri n'amabara, nk'itara ritukura rituma umuntu agumana icyerekezo nijoro. Ihumure n'uburyo ikwiranye ni ingenzi cyane, bigerwaho binyuze mu miterere yoroheje n'imigozi ishobora guhindurwa kugira ngo iramba. Iramba, irimo kwirinda amazi (IPX ratings) no kudakora ingaruka, ishyigikira ko ikora neza mu bihe bigoye.

Itara ryiza ryo hanze ryo kwiruka mu nzira

Abakinnyi b'inzira bakenera ibintu byihariye kugira ngo barebe neza umutekano n'imikorere. Umucyo, upimwe muri lumens, ni ingenzi cyane mu kugabanya umunaniro wo kureba no kunanirwa mu mutwe, ibyo bikaba bishobora kongera ubushobozi bwo kwihangana. Amatara yo kwiruka mu nzira akenshi aba hagati ya lumens 200-1000, afite imiterere myinshi y'urumuri. Umucyo rusange n'icyerekezo cy'urumuri ni ingenzi; imirasire yagutse itwikira ahantu hanini, mu gihe imirasire mito itanga uburyo bwo kugaragara neza mu murima ushyizwemo. Abakinnyi b'inzira bazungukira ku matara yo hejuru afite nibura lumens 500 n'imiterere ibiri y'urumuri kugira ngo bapime neza kandi bagire intera igaragara. Imiterere yoroheje irinda gusimbuka cyangwa gukurura, nubwo moderi ziremereye zishobora gutera ububabare mu ijosi igihe kirekire. Kuramba ni ingenzi kuko urumuri ruzahura n'ingaruka, amazi, no gukururana. Itara ryo hejuru rigomba kuba ryoroshye kurishyiraho, kurihindura no kurikuraho, ndetse no gukoresha uturindantoki, kandi uburyo bwo kugenzura imiterere y'urumuri n'urumuri bigomba kuba byoroshye kandi bifatika. Igihe kirekire cyo gukora nacyo ni ingenzi mu gihe kirekire cyo gukoreshwa.

Amatara meza yo hanze yo guteka no gutembera mu misozi

Abatwara imizigo n'abagenda mu misozi bashyira imbere imikorere myiza n'ubwiringiro mu gihe kirekire. Uburyo bw'urumuri rutukura ni ingirakamaro cyane; butuma umuntu abona nijoro, bugatuma bateri ikomeza kubaho, kandi bugagaragaza ko yita ku bagenzi be bo mu mahema. Urumuri rushobora guhindurwa rutuma abakoresha bahindura urumuri, ibyo bikaba byoroshye kandi bifite akamaro kuruta guhindura imiterere y'ijosi, cyane cyane mu gihe cyo gutembera nijoro. Uburyo bw'urumuri rw'umweru rurerure n'uruti rwo hasi ni ingenzi mu kumenyera imiterere; urumuri rwinshi rushobora kugabanya kureba impande, bityo kugira amahitamo yombi bituma umuntu abona neza kandi agakora neza. Igihe cyo kwiruka neza ni ingenzi ku bakoresha amatara yabo kenshi, birinda ko bafatirwa n'itara ry'imbere ripfuye. Bateri za Lithium zikundwa cyane mu gihe cy'ubukonje, zitanga uburemere bworoshye kandi ziramba kuruta izindi za alkaline. Ihumure n'uburemere nabyo ni ingenzi, hamwe n'imiterere migari, ishobora guhindurwa, kandi yoroheje irinda ububabare mu gihe kirekire. Gukingira amazi ni ngombwa, kuko amwe mu matara ashobora kudapfa gusa. Uburyo bwo gufunga bubuza gukora mu buryo butunguranye mu ipaki, bigatuma bateri ikomeza kubaho.

Itara ryiza ryo hanze ryo kuzamuka no guterera imisozi

Kuzamuka no kuzamuka imisozi bisaba itara ryo hanze rifite imikorere myiza kandi ryizewe. Umucyo ni ingenzi cyane; itara ryo hanze risaba lumens 400 cyangwa zirenga kugira ngo rikore ibikorwa bikomeye nko kunyura mu butaka bwa tekiniki cyangwa gushyiraho ibifunga mu mwijima. Ubuzima bwa bateri nabwo ni ingenzi ku ngendo zo kure. Uburyo bwo kongera gusharijwa butanga uburyo bworoshye, mu gihe bateri za alkaline zitanga ubufasha bwizewe mu gihe cy'ubukonje cyangwa iyo amazi adahagije.

Uburyo bwo kumurika ni ingenzi mu bihe bitandukanye. Uburyo bw'urumuri rutukura ni ingenzi cyane. Burinda amaso kubona nijoro, bukarinda amaso gukenera kwisubiraho mu mwijima nyuma yo guhura n'urumuri rwera. Ubu buryo kandi burinda ko abandi bareba mu itsinda, bugumana ubwiza buke, kandi bukoresha ingufu nke, bigatuma bateri iramba. Abazamuka imisozi bashobora kandi gukoresha urumuri rutukura mu kwerekana cyangwa kugaragaza aho bari, cyane cyane mu gihe cy'ikirere kibi. Kuramba ntibivugwaho rumwe; itara ryo mu mutwe rikenera amanota meza yo kwirinda amazi, nka IPX4 mu mvura cyangwa IPX7 mu kwibira, no kudakora neza. Uburyo bwo kuzunguruka bushobora kuyobora urumuri neza, kandi umugozi woroshye kandi ushobora guhinduka utuma ruramba mu gihe cy'imirimo ikomeye. Nubwo amwe mu mamoderi aremereye atanga imbaraga nyinshi, igishushanyo cyoroheje cyongera ihumure mu gihe cyo gukoreshwa igihe kirekire.

Itara ryiza ryo hanze rihendutse kandi rihendutse

Kubona itara ryizewe ntabwo bisaba ishoramari rikomeye buri gihe. Ubwoko butandukanye butanga imikorere myiza ku giciro gito. Urugero, Petzl Bindi igura hafi $50. Itanga lumens 200, igishushanyo cy'urumuri rwinshi cya ounces 1.2, na bateri ishobora kongera gukoreshwa itanga amasaha 50 ku giciro gito cyangwa amasaha 2 ku giciro cyo hejuru. Ubu bwoko bufite umutwe uzenguruka wa dogere 360 ​​hamwe n'uburyo bworoshye bwo gukoresha buto imwe.

Itara ryiza cyane ryo hanze rya Ultralight

Amatara yo mu mutwe akoresha urumuri rwinshi cyane ashyira imbere uburemere buke ariko ntagire ingaruka ku mikorere y'ingenzi. Izi moderi ni nziza cyane mu bikorwa aho buri garama imwe iba ikenewe, nko gutwara umugongo vuba kandi woroshye cyangwa kwiruka mu nzira y'amarushanwa. Atanga ihumure rikomeye mu gihe cyo kwangirika igihe kirekire, akagabanya kubabara ijosi no gusimbuka. Nubwo akenshi ari mato, amahitamo menshi akoresha urumuri rwinshi aracyatanga urumuri ruhagije rwo kunyura mu nzira cyangwa gukora imirimo yo mu nkambi.

Amatara meza yo hanze yo gutembera no gukoresha muri rusange

Ku bijyanye no gutembera no gukoresha hanze muri rusange, abantu bakunze gushaka itara ryo hanze rihuza imikorere no kurikoresha byoroshye. Uburyo bworoshye kandi buhendutse bufite itara ritukura n'igihe cy'uburambe bwa bateri busanzwe buhagije ku bantu basanzwe batembera mu modoka n'imiryango. Intera y'umuraba wa metero 1.5-16 muri rusange itanga urumuri ruhagije ku bikorwa hirya no hino mu nkambi, nko gukusanya inkwi cyangwa gushaka ibintu mu ihema.

Ibintu byinshi by'ingenzi byongera cyane ubunararibonye bwo gutembera mu nkambi, bigatuma imirimo yoroha kandi irushaho kumererwa neza:

• Imiterere y'urumuri rutukura: Iyi ngingo y'ingenzi irinda guhuma amaso y'abandi mu gihe bari hafi, irinda kureba nijoro, kandi ikongera igihe cyo gukoresha bateri. Nanone kandi, mu mahema ntihagire ikintu kibangamira abandi, bigatuma baryama badatuje.
• Umutwe uhetamye: Abakoresha bashobora kuyobora urumuri neza badakoresheje umutwe wabo wose. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane mu mirimo nko guteka ku ziko cyangwa gushyiraho ibikoresho mu mwijima, kandi birinda abantu bareba mu mahema.
• Uburyo bwo Gufunga: Ibi birinda gukora ku buryo butunguranye iyo itara ry’imbere ribitswe mu ipaki, bigatuma bateri igumaho mu gihe ikenewe by’ukuri.
• Ikimenyetso cya bateri: Ibyerekezo bya LED bisobanutse neza bigaragaza igihe bateri isigaye imara, bikuraho gukekeranya no kwemeza ko abakoresha bazi igihe cyo kongera gusharija cyangwa gusimbuza bateri.
• Igishushanyo cyiza cyo gufunga umukandara: Imishumi minini kandi ishobora guhindurwa irinda kubabara no kunyerera mu gihe cyo kwambara igihe kirekire. Ku bakinnyi baremereye, umushumi wo hejuru ushobora gufasha gukwirakwiza ibiro neza, bigatuma umuntu amererwa neza.
• Ingufu zikoreshwa mu buryo bugenzurwa: Iyi porogaramu ikomeza kugira urumuri ruhoraho mu gihe bateri zishira, ikongera ubushobozi bwo gukoresha no gukumira ubushyuhe butunguranye mu bihe bikomeye.
• Guhuza ubwoko bwa bateri: Gukoresha ubwoko bumwe bwa bateri (AA cyangwa AAA) nk'ibindi bikoresho byo mu nkambi bitanga akamaro ko guhinduranya no gutwara bateri nke zisigaye. Amahitamo ashobora kongera gusharijwa ni amahitamo adahungabanya ibidukikije mu ngendo zo mu mpera z'icyumweru no mu ikoreshwa risanzwe.

Ibi bintu by’ingenzi bifasha abantu bo mu nkambi kugira urumuri rwizewe kandi rworoshye gukoresha mu mirimo itandukanye, kuva mu gutegura amafunguro kugeza ku nzira zo mu muhanda nijoro, amaherezo bigatanga umusaruro mwiza wo hanze.

Uburyo bwo guhitamo itara ryawe ryiza ryo hanze

Guhitamo itara ryiza ryo hanze bisaba gusobanukirwa ibintu byinshi by'ingenzi. Ibi bintu bigira ingaruka ku mikorere, ihumure, no ku buryo rikwiriyeibikorwa byihariyeKugira ngo abantu bafate icyemezo bashingiye ku makuru, bagomba kuzirikana ubwiza, ubwoko bwa bateri, uburemere, no kuramba kwayo.

Gusobanukirwa Lumens n'Umucyo

Amatara apima urumuri rwose rutangwa n'amatara. Umubare munini w'amatara muri rusange ugaragaza urumuri rwinshi. Ariko, urumuri rukenewe ruratandukana cyane bitewe n'igikorwa. Urugero, imirimo ya buri munsi nko gutembera mu nzu cyangwa gushaka ibintu akenshi bisaba amatara 50-300. Gutembera nijoro, kwiruka no gukambika muri rusange bivamo amatara yo mu mutwe atanga amatara 300-980. Ibikorwa bigoye cyane, nk'amakanika cyangwa amatara y'akazi, akenshi bikenera amatara 1000-1300. Imikoreshereze yihariye nko guhiga, kubahiriza amategeko, cyangwa ibikorwa bya gisirikare bisaba amatara 1250-2500, mu gihe ibikorwa byo gushakisha no gutabara akenshi bisaba amatara 3000+ kugira ngo urumuri rugaragare neza.

Nubwo lumens zigaragaza urumuri muri rusange, intera y'imirasire ipima uburyo urumuri rugenda neza kandi rukamurikira ibintu biri kure. Itara ryo mu mutwe rifite lumens 300 rishobora kugaragara nk'irifite urumuri ariko rishobora kutagira icyo rigeraho mu ntera iyo ritanga urumuri mu nzira ngufi. Candela, igipimo cy'ubukana bw'urumuri, kigaragaza uburyo urumuri rwinshi. Umucyo n'intera y'imirasire bifitanye isano ariko ntabwo bingana neza. Itara ryo mu kirere rifite lumens nyinshi rimurikira agace kanini kari hafi aho ariko ntirigera kure. Ku rundi ruhande, itara ryo mu kirere rifite lumens nke rishobora kugera ku ntera nini. Igishushanyo mbonera cy'imirasire n'imikorere myiza y'urumuri ni ingenzi cyane nk'uko lumens mbisi zibara mu kumenya intera y'imirasire.

Amatara yo mu mutwe asanzwe afite imiterere itandukanye y'imirasire:

• Imirasire y'umwuzureni bagari kandi barakwirakwiriye. Bikwiranye n'imirimo yo hafi ariko ntibigera kure.
• Imirasire y'ahantuZireba kure. Zigera kure, zikaba nziza cyane mu kureba impanuka cyangwa ibintu biri kure. Amatara menshi meza atanga imirasire y'amazi n'imirasire y'ahantu hatandukanye, atanga uburyo butandukanye bwo gukoresha. Igishushanyo mbonera cy'amatara, harimo imiterere ya reflector na lens focus, ahanini kigena intera y'imirasire, ntabwo ari lumens gusa.

Ubwoko bwa bateri n'ubuzima byazo byasobanuwe

Amatara yo mu mutwe akoresha ubwoko bubiri bwa bateri: ishobora kongera gukoreshwa n'ikoreshwa rimwe. Buri imwe itanga ibyiza n'ibibi bitandukanye. Bateri zishobora kongera gukoreshwa, nka lithium-ion, zitanga ubushobozi bwo hejuru bw'ingufu. Ni nziza ku bikoresho bitwara amazi menshi kandi zigumana amashanyarazi ahoraho bitewe n'uko imbere yazo idakora neza. Nubwo akenshi ziba zifite ikiguzi kinini, bateri zishobora kongera gukoreshwa zirahendutse mu gihe kirekire mu kwirinda amafaranga menshi yo kuzisimbuza. Nanone ni amahitamo meza ku bidukikije bitewe n'uko zimara igihe kirekire kandi zikaba zidakoreshwa kenshi ugereranije na bateri zikoreshwa rimwe. Ariko, amatara yo mu mutwe ashobora kongera gukoreshwa akenera amashanyarazi kugira ngo asharishwe, ibyo bikaba bishobora guteza ikibazo mu gihe cy'ibura ry'amashanyarazi cyangwa mu turere twa kure tudafite isoko y'amashanyarazi yo hanze.

Bateri zishobora gukoreshwa, ubusanzwe ni uturemangingo twa AA cyangwa AAA alkaline, zitanga uburyo bworoshye kandi ziboneka ahantu henshi. Ntizisaba ibikorwa remezo byo gusharija. Ariko, zishobora gusohoka no kuva amazi mu gihe zidakoreshwa, bikaba byakwangiza igikoresho.

Amatara menshi yo mu mutwe agezweho atanga sisitemu zivanze, zemerera abakoresha guhitamo hagati y’amapaki ya bateri ashobora kongera gukoreshwa na bateri zisanzwe za alkaline. Ubu buryo bworoshye butanga uburyo bwizewe bwo kwifashisha mu ngendo ndende cyangwa mu bihe aho kongera gusharija bidashoboka. Igihe bateri imara, cyangwa igihe cyo gukora, kigaragaza igihe itara rimara rikoresha umuriro umwe cyangwa itsinda ry’amabati. Abakora bakunze gutanga amabwiriza y’igihe cyo gukora ku buryo butandukanye bwo kwerekana urumuri.

Ibipimo by'uburemere n'ihumure

Uburemere bw'itara ry'imbere bugira ingaruka zikomeye ku ituze, cyane cyane mu gihe cyo kurikoresha igihe kirekire. Itara ryoroheje rigabanya umuvuduko mu ijosi kandi rigabanya gusimbuka mu gihe cy'ibikorwa bihindagurika nko kwiruka mu nzira. Abakoresha bakunze kubona amatara agera kuri garama 80 yoroshye kuyambara igihe kirekire. Urugero, umwe mu bakoresha yavuze ko Zebralight H600 yabo, ipima garama 111-112, yumvaga yoroshye gutembera nta mukandara wo hejuru. Undi mukoresha ufite Nitecore HC90 (itara rya garama 135 + bateri ya garama 46 = garama 181 zose) yavuze ko "bibagirwa ko nyifite," bigaragaza ko ihumure cyane nubwo isa n'aho ari nini. Ku bikorwa nko guhiga, amatara y'imbere akenshi ari hagati ya garama 227 na garama 454. Superior Hellcat Coon Light, ifite garama 22, ifatwa nk'ikwiriye gukoreshwa igihe kirekire bitewe n'imiterere yayo yoroheje.

Imiterere y'imishumi ifite uruhare runini mu gutuma umuntu amererwa neza kandi akagira ubuzima bwiza. Imiterere itandukanye y'imishumi itanga urwego rutandukanye rwo gushyigikira no gukwirakwiza ibiro.

Umukandara umwe ukozwe mu buryo bwa elastic utanga ihumure ry'ibanze kandi ukarinda kunyerera. Ariko, ku matara akomeye cyangwa ibikorwa bikomeye, umukandara wo hejuru wongera ihumure n'ituze binyuze mu gukwirakwiza ibiro ku mutwe mu buryo bungana. Bamwe mu bakoresha bakunda kwambara itara hejuru y'ikoti cyangwa ingofero, bitanga ihumure n'ituze ryinshi binyuze mu gushyira itara mu buryo bunoze. Imikandara ishobora guhindurwa ituma ifata neza, ikabuza itara guhinduka cyangwa gusimbuka mu gihe cyo kugenda. Gushyira agatambaro ku gahanga nabyo bigira uruhare mu gutuma umuntu amererwa neza mu gihe kirekire cyo kwambara.

Ibipimo byo Kurwanya Amazi n'Umukungugu (IPX)

Amatara yo hanze agomba kwihanganira ibidukikije bitandukanye. Kurwanya amazi n'umukungugu ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo imikorere ibe myiza. Kode yo Kurinda Kwinjira (IP) ishyira mu byiciro uburyo ikintu kidahangana n'amazi n'umukungugu. Igipimo cya IPX kigaragaza neza uburyo ikintu kidahangana n'amazi. 'X' mu gipimo cya IPX igaragaza ko nta suzuma ryemewe ry'uko gihangana n'umukungugu. Ibi ntibivuze ko igikoresho kidafite uburinzi bw'umukungugu, ahubwo bivuze ko abakora ibikoresho batakoze ibizamini bishobora gupimwa muri ako gace. Umubare ukurikira 'IPX' werekeza ku buryo butaziguye ku rwego rwo kwirinda amazi, cyane cyane amazi.

Sisitemu yo gupima IPX itanga ubumenyi burambuye ku kuntu itara riramba mu gihe ridashobora gutwarwa n'ubushuhe. Amanota atandukanye atanga uburinzi butandukanye:

Ku bikorwa byinshi byo hanze, amanota ya IPX4 atanga uburinzi buhagije ku mvura n'amazi aturuka mu mazi. Ibikorwa birimo kwibira mu mazi, nko gusimbuka mu bwato cyangwa mu buvumo, bisaba amanota menshi nka IPX7 cyangwa IPX8. Gusobanukirwa aya manota bifasha abakoresha guhitamo itara rijyanye n'urugendo rwabo rwihariye n'ibibazo by'ibidukikije.

Uburyo bw'urumuri rw'ingenzi n'ibiranga

Amatara yo hanze agezweho atanga ubwoko butandukanye bw'amatarauburyo bw'urumuri n'imikorere yarwoIbi byongera ubushobozi bwo gukoresha neza no guhuza n'ibihe bitandukanye. Abakoresha bashobora kunoza amatara yabo ku mirimo cyangwa ibidukikije runaka.

Uburyo busanzwe kandi bufite akamaro kanini bw'urumuri burimo:

• Uburyo bw'umwuzure: Ibi bitanga urumuri mu buso bugari. Ni byiza cyane ku mirimo yo hafi.
• Uburyo bw'aho: Ibi bitanga urumuri rwimbitse kandi rukoresha intera ndende. Bifasha abakoresha kubona kure.
• Uburyo bw'urumuri rutukura: Ibi bifasha kubungabunga icyerekezo cyo mu ijoro. Bigabanya kandi urumuri rw'amatara ku bandi.
• Uburyo bwo gusimbuka: Abakoresha ibi bakoresha mu gutanga ibimenyetso byihutirwa. Bikurura abantu neza.

Amatara menshi yo mu mutwe ahuza ubu buryo n'ibindi bikoresho byihariye. Ibi bikorwa birushaho kunoza imikorere n'uburambe bw'umukoresha.

Kuba ibi bintu bikunze kugaragara bigaragaza akamaro kabyo ku bakunda ibikorwa byo hanze. Umucyo utukura ni wo ukunze kugaragara cyane, hagakurikiraho urwego rw'urumuri rwinshi, imiterere y'urumuri, imiterere y'amazi n'uburyo bw'amabara.

Izi ngingo zitandukanye zemerera abakoresha guhitamo itara ryo mu mutwe rijyanye neza n'ibyo bakeneye mu bikorwa byabo. Zituma babona neza kandi zikagira umutekano mu buryo bwiza mu bihe bitandukanye byo hanze.

Imiterere y'imirasire: Umwuzure ugereranije n'ahantu

Amatara yo mu mutwe asanzwe atanga imiterere itandukanye y'imirasire ijyanye n'ibikenewe mu gucana. Ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi ni imirasire y'amazi n'imirasire y'ahantu hatandukanye. Buri shusho ifite akamaro n'ibyiza bitandukanye.

Amatara y'urumuri atanga ubwihisho bunini. Akwirakwiza urumuri ku buryo bungana ahantu hanini. Ibi bigaragaza imiterere isanzwe y'izuba iyo uri hafi. Abakoresha bashobora gukoresha neza uburyo babona impande zabo. Amatara y'urumuri ni meza cyane ku mirimo yo hafi isaba ubwihisho bunini, nko gushinga inkambi cyangwa kunyura mu nzira zagutse. Akenshi asaba umubare muto w'urumuri kuko ubukana bukwirakwira. Ibi bishobora gutuma habaho igihe kirekire cyo gukora bitewe n'ubukana buke mu ntera ngufi.

Amatara atera urumuri ruto kandi rukomeye. Amurikira ahantu kure. Ibi bituma akwiriye mu bihe bisaba kugaragara kure. Abakoresha bashobora gushakisha ahantu kure kugira ngo barebe ibyago cyangwa ibimenyetso by'inzira. Amatara asanzwe asaba umubare munini w'urumuri kugira ngo agaragaze urumuri neza mu ntera ndende. Muri rusange akoresha ingufu nyinshi kandi agira igihe gito cyo gukora ugereranije n'amatara aturuka kure.

Amatara menshi y'imbere atanga imirasire ibiri cyangwa imirasire myinshi. Aya matara ahuza uburyo bwo kurekura urumuri n'uburyo rutwikiriye urumuri rwinshi. Ubu buryo bworoshye bufasha ibikorwa nko kwiruka mu nzira cyangwa gutembera mu buryo bwihuse. Abakoresha bashobora kumenya ibimenyetso by'inzira biri kure n'ibintu biri hafi aho badahinduye uburyo. Imirasire ibiri ikunze gukoresha urumuri rwinshi, bishobora gutuma igihe cyo kwiruka kiba gito. Amatara y'imbere ashobora kugabanuka yongerera igihe cyo kwiruka binyuze mu kwemerera abakoresha guhindura ubukana bw'urumuri.

Guhitamo imiterere ikwiye y'urumuri bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku kugaragara no ku mutekano. Abakoresha bagomba kuzirikana igikorwa cyabo cy'ibanze cyo guhitamo itara ryo mu mutwe rifite ubwoko bw'urumuri bukwiye.

Kuramba no Kubaka Ubwiza

Kuramba kw'itara ry'imbere n'ubwizerwe mu bidukikije byo hanze bishingira cyane ku kuramba kwaryo n'ubwiza bw'inyubako yaryo. Imiterere ikomeye ituma igikoresho kihanganira ingorane zo mu buryo bw'ibiza, birinda imbogamizi zikunze kubaho zishobora kwangiza umutekano n'imikorere. Abakoresha bishingikiriza ku matara yabo kugira ngo akore neza, cyane cyane iyo bagenda mu butaka bubi cyangwa bakora imirimo ikomeye mu mwijima.

Ubwiza bw'inyubako bubi bukunze kugaragara mu bintu byinshi bikunze gucika intege. Urugero, itara ryo mu mutwe rishobora kugira ikibazoitara ryahiye, aho isoko y'urumuri rw'ibanze ihagarika gukora, rimwe na rimwe ibanzirizwa no gukabya kugaragara cyangwa urumuri rudasobanutse. Iyo amatara yombi abuze icyarimwe,firize yaturikaakenshi bigaragaza ikibazo, kuko amatara menshi ayobora amatara yombi binyuze muri fuse imwe. Uko igihe kigenda gihita, amatara ashobora no gutangiraguhindagurika, batakaza urumuri rwabo rwa mbere, cyangwaguhindagurika rimwe na rimwe, ibyo abakoresha bashobora gukemura by'agateganyo bakoresheje ingufu. Ibi bibazo akenshi bigaragaza intege nke z'imbere cyangwa ibice biri hafi kurangira.

Uretse kunanirwa k'urumuri, imiterere y'imiterere nayo igira uruhare runini.amatara adahuye neza, aho urumuri rumwe rumurika cyane kurusha urundi, cyangwa impande zombi zitari zo. Ibi ntibigabanya gusa urumuri rwiza ahubwo bishobora no guhuma amaso izindi. Ikindi kibazo gikunze kugaragara ni amatara atumantabwo ifunguyebyose, bishobora guterwa na fuse yaturitse, icyuma gica amashanyarazi cyacitse, switch ifite ikibazo, cyangwa itara ryazimye burundu. Ibintu byo hanze nabyo bigira ingaruka ku kuramba;indorerwamo z'umuhondo cyangwa z'ibicu, biterwa no kumara igihe kinini uhura n’imirasire ya UV, umwanda wo mu muhanda, cyangwa gukorana n’imiti, bigabanya cyane urumuri n’ubuziranenge. Ibikoresho byiza cyane n’imikorere myiza y’inganda bikemura neza izi ngorane, bishimangira imikorere ihoraho.

Abakora bageraho baramba binyuze mu guhitamo ibikoresho birwanya ingaruka, nka pulasitiki nziza cyangwa aluminiyumu, ku mubiri w'itara. Ibi bikoresho birinda ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga imbere kugwa, gucikagurika, no gushwanyagurika bikunze kugaragara mu mirimo yo hanze. Ibice bifunze neza n'insinga zikomeye birinda guhuza ibintu bidakomeye, akenshi bitera gucikagurika cyangwa kwangirika burundu. Byongeye kandi, itara ry'umutwe ryakozwe neza rikubiyemo ibice by'urumuri bikomeza guhuza imirasire uko igihe kigenda, bikarinda ibibazo byo kutagira urumuri rwinshi cyangwa rutangana. Gushora imari mu itara ry'umutwe rifite ubwiza buhanitse bigabanya ibyago byo kwangirika gusanzwe, bigatanga isoko ryizewe ry'urumuri kuri buri gikorwa cyose. Amanota ya IPX yavuzweho mbere na yo akora nk'ikimenyetso cyerekana ko itara ry'umutwe ridashobora kwinjira mu mazi n'umukungugu, birushaho kugaragaza ko rirambye muri rusange.

Kwibira mu mazi abira: Isuzuma ry'amatara yo hanze

Iki gice gitanga ishusho yimbitse kuri zimwe mu zizwi cyane kandi zikora nezaamatara yo hanzeiboneka. Buri suzuma rigaragaza ibintu by'ingenzi, ibipimo by'imikorere, n'ubunararibonye bw'abakoresha. Iri sesengura rirambuye rifasha abantu gufata ibyemezo bisobanutse neza ku byo bakeneye hanze.

Isuzuma rya Petzl Actik CORE

Itara rya Petzl Actik CORE rigaragara nk'itara rikomeye kandi rikoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye, rikwiriye ibikorwa bitandukanye byo hanze. Rihuza urumuri rwinshi n'igishushanyo cyoroshye gukoresha. Iri tabaza ritanga amatara y'umweru n'umutuku, rijyanye n'ibikenewe byose kugira ngo rigaragare neza.

Actik CORE itanga imikorere itangaje mu byiciro bitandukanye by'urumuri rwayo. Urugero, imiterere ya MAX BURN TIME itanga lumens 7, ikamurikira metero 10, kandi itanga igihe cyo gutwika cy'amasaha 100 hamwe na bateri za AAA na CORE. Urwego rwa STANDARD rutanga lumens 100, zigera kuri metero 60, igihe cyo gutwika cy'amasaha 10 hakoreshejwe bateri za AAA cyangwa amasaha 7 hamwe na bateri ya CORE. Kugira ngo urumuri rube rwinshi, imiterere ya MAX POWER isohora lumens 450 hamwe na bateri za AAA cyangwa lumens 625 hamwe na bateri ya CORE, igera ku ntera ya metero 100 na metero 115, byombi bimara amasaha 2. Itara ritukura rifite uburyo buhoraho kuri lumens 2, rigaragara kugeza kuri metero 5 mu masaha 60, kandi uburyo bwa strobe bugaragara kuri metero 700 mu masaha 400.

Igitekerezo cy’uruhererekane rw’iyi tarumbeti gifasha abayikoresha kuyikoresha bateri ya CORE ishobora kongera gukoreshwa cyangwa bateri eshatu zisanzwe za AAA. Ubu buryo bworoshye butuma habaho urumuri rwizewe nubwo hari uburyo bwo kongera gusharija buke. Imiterere yayo yoroheje n’umukandara woroshye wo mu mutwe bituma iba amahitamo akunzwe ku bikorwa bisaba kwambarwa igihe kirekire.

Isuzuma rya Black Diamond Spot 400

Itara rya Black Diamond Spot 400 rihora rishimirwa cyane kubera uburinganire bw'urumuri, imiterere yaryo, n'agaciro karyo. Rikora nk'amahitamo meza ku bakunda hanze batandukanye, barimo abagendera mu mugongo, abazamuka imisozi, abazamuka imisozi, n'abasiganwa mu nzira. Iri tara ritanga urumuri ntarengwa rwa lumens 400, ritanga urumuri rugera kuri metero 100 (metero 328). Ritanga ubuzima butangaje bwa batiri, rifite imiterere mike itanga urumuri rw'amasaha 200 n'imiterere miremire imara amasaha 2.5. Uburemere bw'itara bupimwe ni ounces 2.7.

Spot 400 itanga imikorere itandukanye ifite urwego rutandukanye rw'umusaruro n'imiterere ya batiri. Mu gihe ifite imiterere yo hejuru, itanga lumens 400. Ibi bitanga amasaha 2.5 yo gukora hamwe na batiri zikoresha lisansi ebyiri cyangwa amasaha 4 hamwe na batiri ishobora kongera gukoreshwa. Imiterere yo hagati itanga lumens 200, imara amasaha 5 hamwe na batiri zikoresha lisansi ebyiri cyangwa amasaha 8 hamwe na batiri ishobora kongera gukoreshwa. Mu gihe kirekire, imiterere yo hasi itanga lumens 6, itanga amasaha 200 yo gukora hamwe na batiri zikoresha lisansi ebyiri cyangwa amasaha 225 hamwe na batiri zishobora kongera gukoreshwa. Itara ry'imbere ripima garama 77.5 (77.5g) hamwe na batiri zikoresha lisansi ebyiri na garama 73 (73g) hamwe na batiri ishobora kongera gukoreshwa.

Uburemere:

• Ingufu ebyiri: 2.7 oz (77.5g)
• Ishobora kongera gusharijwa: 2.6 oz (73g)

Black Diamond Spot 400 itanga igiciro cyiza cyane, ubusanzwe ikaba ingana na $50. Uruvange rwayo rw'urumuri, ubudapfa amazi, imikorere yayo, n'ubuzima bwa batiri bituma igira agaciro gakomeye. Treeline Review yayise "Itara ry'imbere rikoresha batiri" ryiza cyane bitewe n'uko igaragara cyane iyo iri ahantu hato. Abasesenguzi bahora bayishimira uburyo ikwiranye neza kandi ikaba yoroshye kuyikoresha. Abantu benshi bakora ingendo ndende, barimo abari muri Arizona Trail na Pacific Crest Trail, bayikoresheje cyane batiriwe bakenera gusimbuza batiri. Isuzuma ry'ibanze rikunze kugaragaza uburemere bwayo ugereranyije n'ubundi buryo bworoshye bwo kuyikoresha, ahanini bitewe nuko ikoresha batiri za AAA.

Tekereza kugura niba:Abantu bifuza itara rikoresha bateri rifite urumuri rwinshi, bateri imara igihe kirekire, n'urumuri rw'amashanyarazi ku giciro gito.Tekereza gusimbuka niba:Abantu bakunda itara ryo mu mutwe rishobora kongera gukoreshwa, ryoroheje cyane, cyangwa irifite itara ry'inyuma kugira ngo rirusheho kugaragara neza.

Isuzuma rya BioLite Headlamp 750

Itara rya BioLite Headlamp 750 ritanga ibintu bishya byagenewe ibikorwa byo hanze bikomeye, cyane cyane ku bakinnyi b'imikino yo hanze n'abasiganwa ku maguru. Iri tara rishyira imbere imikorere miremire n'uburyo bworoshye bwo kurikoresha. Ritanga uburyo butandukanye bwo kumurika n'imikorere myiza.

Itara rya BioLite Headlamp 750 ririmo ibintu byinshi bishya. Gukoresha uburyo bwo gushyushya bifasha batiri kumara igihe kirekire ukoresheje amashanyarazi akoreshwa mu modoka igendanwa ukoresheje insinga ya USB ya metero 3. Ibi birakwiriye cyane mu bihe birebire. Uburyo bwo gushyushya butanga urumuri rwa lumens 750 mu masegonda 30 iyo bikenewe, bikaba ingirakamaro mu kumurika by'agateganyo. Itara rishobora kuzunguruka rihinduka impande enye zitandukanye. Ibi byerekeza urumuri hafi cyangwa kure, bigahuza n'ibikorwa bitandukanye nko kwiruka, kugenda n'amaguru, cyangwa kugendera ku igare. Ritanga uburyo butandukanye bw'urumuri, harimo umutuku, ahantu hatandukanye, amazi menshi, combo, na strobe. Ubu buryo bufite imikorere yo gucukuka no kwibuka byibukwa mu buryo bwo kwibuka imiterere ya nyuma yakoreshejwe. Itara ritukura ry'inyuma ritanga amahitamo yo gucukuka, gucukuka, cyangwa kuzimya, ndetse rishobora no gucukuka. Ubu buryo ni ngombwa muri zimwe mu nzira zo mu misozi kugira ngo umuntu agire umutekano. Itara ry'inyuma rifite imiterere ya 3D SlimFit idacukuka kugira ngo ribe rimeze neza kandi rimeze neza mu gihe cy'ibikorwa. Rifite kandi amanota ya IPX4, agaragaza ko ridashobora guterwa n'amazi aturuka mu cyerekezo icyo ari cyo cyose.

Ibipimo by'imikorere y'itara ry'imbere bigaragaza ubushobozi bwaryo bwo gukoreshwa mu buryo buhoraho. Ku itara ryaryo rito, ritanga lumens 5 mu masaha 150 y'igihe gihoraho cyangwa giteganyijwe, hamwe n'amasaha 8. Iteraniro ryo hagati ritanga lumens 250, ritanga amasaha 4 y'igihe gihoraho cyangwa amasaha 8.5 y'igihe gihoraho, hamwe n'amasaha 8. Iteraniro ryo hejuru ritanga lumens 500, rimara amasaha 2 buri gihe cyangwa amasaha 7 riteganywa, hamwe n'amasaha 8. Uburyo bwo gushyushya butanga lumens 750 mu masegonda 30 kuri buri gushyushya, bugumana igihe cyo gushyushya amasaha 8.

Itara rya BioLite Headlamp 750 rishimirwa ko rituma umuntu amererwa neza cyane, cyane cyane mu gihe cyo kwiruka. Riguma ridafite aho ribogamira kandi rikumira aho umuntu ashobora gukanda cyangwa kubabara umutwe. Rinatanga imiterere myiza y'urumuri, rifite akamaro cyane mu bikorwa byo kwiruka. Imiterere ya BioLite ya 3D SlimFit ihuza ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga mu buryo butaziguye. Ibi bigabanya ubwinshi. Imiterere yaryo irimo icyuma gitanga ingufu z'inyuma gifite urumuri rugaragara. Ibi bifasha gukwirakwiza uburemere ku buryo bungana kugira ngo umuntu agire ibyiyumvo biringaniye kandi adasubira inyuma, kuko igice cy'imbere kiba gihagaze neza ku gahanga.

Uburyo bwacu bwo gupima amatara yo hanze

Uko twasuzumye amatara yo mu mutwe

Itsinda ryacu ryasuzumye neza buri tara ry'imbere binyuze muuburyo bwuzuye bwo gupima. Twakoze ibizamini byinshi byo mu gasozi mu bidukikije bitandukanye byo hanze. Ibi birimo inzira zijimye, amashyamba y'inzitane, n'ahantu ho gukambika hafunguye. Abapimye bakoresheje amatara yo mu mutwe mu gihe cyo gutembera nijoro, kwiruka mu nzira, no mu gihe bakoraga imirimo yo mu nkambi. Ubu buryo bwatanze amakuru y'imikorere nyayo. Twanakoze ibizamini bya laboratwari byagenzuwe. Ibi byapimye umusaruro nyawo w'urumuri n'igihe cyo gukora cyemejwe n'uruganda. Abapimye basuzumaga ihumure mu gihe cyo kwambara igihe kirekire. Banasuzumye uburyo bworoshye bwo gukoresha mu kugenzura no gukosora imishumi. Twakusanyije ibitekerezo by'itsinda ry'abantu batandukanye bakunda hanze. Ubunararibonye bwabo bwatumye dusuzuma ibya nyuma.

Ibipimo by'ingenzi by'imikorere

Twibanze ku bipimo by'ingenzi by'imikorere kugira ngo dukore isuzuma ryimbitse:

• Umucyo (Lumens): Twapimye urumuri nyarwo rusohoka. Ibi byagaragaje uburyo amatara yo mu mutwe amurika neza intera n'ibidukikije bitandukanye.
• Igihe cyo gukora: Twagerageje igihe bateri ikoresha mu buryo butandukanye bwo kugaragaza urumuri. Ibi byemeza igihe amatara yo mu mutwe yamaze igihe kinini akoresha urumuri.
• Ishusho y'umurabyo: Twasesenguye ubwiza n'ubushobozi bw'imyuzure n'imirasire y'ahantu runaka. Ibi birimo imikorere yayo mu mirimo yo hafi no kureba kure.
• Ihumure n'uburyohe: Abapimye basuzumye imiterere y'ibiro by'itara n'imiterere y'umukandara. Babonye ko hari ikibazo iyo ari cyo cyose mu gihe cyo kurikoresha igihe kirekire cyangwa mu bikorwa bidasanzwe.
• Kuramba no Kurwanya Amazi (Isuzuma rya IPX): Twasuzumye ubwiza bw'inyubako n'ibikoresho. Twanasuzumye ubushobozi bw'itara ryo mu mutwe bwo kwihanganira ingaruka z'amazi n'ingaruka zayo.
• Byoroshye gukoresha: Twasuzumye uburyo amabuto, uburyo bwo guhindura uburyo bwo gukoresha, n'uburyo bateri ikoreshwa. Ibi byatumye habaho imikorere ifatika mu bihe bigoye.
• Ibiranga: Twasuzumye akamaro k'ibindi bikoresho. Ibi birimo uburyo bw'amatara atukura, imikorere yo gufunga, n'ibimenyetso bya bateri.

Inama zo kwita no kubungabunga amatara yo hanze

Kwitaho no kubungabunga neza byongerera agaciro cyaneitara ryo mu mutwe's kandi bitanga umusaruro wizewe mu gihe cy'ingendo. Abakoresha bashobora kongera ishoramari ryabo no kwirinda ibibazo bitunguranye mu rwego rw'akazi.

Kongera Ubuzima bwa Bateri

Abakoresha bashobora kongera igihe cy'amashanyarazi mu buryo bugaragara binyuze mu kwitonda. Bagomba gushora imari mu gukoresha bateri nziza cyane zagenewe ingufu zihoraho. Izi bateri akenshi zifite uburyo bwo kurinda umuriro kandi zitanga amashanyarazi agera kuri 500. Shyira imbere bateri zakorewe gukoreshwa mu itara; zikemura ibibazo bihoraho kandi zitanga imikorere myiza. Bika bateri ahantu hakonje kandi humutse kugira ngo hirindwe ingese kandi zikomeze gukora neza. Irinde ubushyuhe bwinshi, butuma habaho ingese, n'ubushyuhe bukonje, butuma umuriro ugabanuka vuba. Kugira ngo ubibike igihe kirekire, kuramo bateri zishobora kongera gukoreshwa kugira ngo wirinde amazi. Zibike mu ipaki y'umwimerere cyangwa mu gasanduku ka bateri kugira ngo wirinde amashanyarazi magufi. Kuramo bateri mbere yo kubika igihe kirekire; bateri zuzuye zikunze kwangirika. Shyiraho uburyo bukwiye bwo gusharija. Koresha charger nziza ya bateri ihitamo uburyo bwiza bwo gusharija kandi yirinda gusharija cyane cyangwa gushyuha cyane. Kurikiza amabwiriza y'abakora igihe cyo gusharija n'amashanyarazi. Irinde gusharija bateri za lithium-ion ku bushyuhe bwuzuye niba bidakenewe ako kanya; charger igice ni byiza ku bubiko burambye. Ntuzigere usharija bateri mu bushyuhe bukabije. Itoze kubungabunga buri gihe. Suzuma bateri n'aho zihurira na zo kugira ngo urebe ko zangiritse buri gihe. Sukura aho zihurira n'amazi zanduye ukoresheje inzoga igabanya ubushyuhe kugira ngo urebe ko zikora neza. Genzura ubushobozi bwa bateri ishobora kongera gukoreshwa uko igihe kigenda gihita hanyuma uyisimbuze niba ubushobozi bugabanutse cyane.

Uburyo Bukwiye bwo Kubika

Kubika neza itara ry'imbere n'ingufu zaryo birinda itara ry'imbere n'isoko y'amashanyarazi yaryo. Abantu bagomba kubika amatara y'imbere n'amabateri ahantu hakonje kandi humutse, byaba byiza munsi ya dogere selisiyusi 25. Ibi birinda kwangirika kwa bateri no kwangirika kw'ibikoresho. Kuramo bateri kugira ngo ubibike igihe kirekire kugira ngo wirinde amazi, kuvamo no kwangirika. Koresha agasanduku cyangwa agapfunyika gakingira itara kugira ngo urinde ivumbi n'ibyangiritse ku mubiri. Irinde ko izuba rigera ku mirasire y'izuba; bituma ibice bya pulasitiki bishira kandi bigacika intege. Jya ugenzura buri gihe itara ry'imbere kugira ngo urebe ibimenyetso by'ibyangiritse cyangwa byangiritse, ndetse no mu gihe bibitswe.

Gukemura Ibibazo Bisanzwe

Abakoresha amatara yo ku mutwe rimwe na rimwe bahura n'ibibazo bisanzwe. Itara ryahiye rikunze gutuma itara rimwe rihagarara gukora. Gusimbuza itara rishaje akenshi bikemura iki kibazo. Amatara ahiye ashobora kwerekana ko amatara azima, aho ahuzwa nabi, cyangwa ibibazo by'insinga z'imbere. Umukanishi ashobora gusuzuma ibibazo bigoye, ariko abakoresha bagomba kubanza kwemeza ko amatara ahujwe neza. Amatara adakomeye cyangwa imbaraga nke z'imirasire akenshi biterwa n'amatara ashaje cyangwa amabati afunze. Gusimbuza amatara ashaje bigarura imbaraga. Gusukura amabati afunze hakoreshejwe isukura ryoroheje no gusiga amavuta y'amenyo cyangwa ibikoresho byabugenewe bituma umuntu abona neza. Ku bijyanye n'igihu gikomeye, gusiga amazi no gushyiraho agakoresho gafunga UV bishobora kuba ngombwa. Kwangirika kw'amazi no gushonga imbere mu ihuriro bishobora gutuma urumuri rudahita rugabanuka ndetse n'itara ritara ritaracika vuba. Abakoresha bagomba kumenya niba ari ugushonga guke cyangwa gutonyanga gukomeye. Niba nta matara na amwe akora, reba icyuma gikingira amatara. Ifuru yapfutse, relay idakora neza, cyangwa switch ishobora kuba impamvu.

Guhitamo itara ryo hanze rikwiye byongera cyane urugendo urwo arirwo rwose. Abantu bagomba [guhuza itara ryo hanze rikwiye] (https://www.mtoutdoorlight.com/headlamp-usage/) n'ibikorwa byabo bidasanzwe. Gushora imari mu bikoresho byiza bitanga umutekano n'ibyishimo mu bikorwa byose byo hanze. Itara ryo hanze ryizewe ritanga urumuri rw'ingenzi rudakoresha amaboko. Ibi bituma abantu bashaka gusura ahantu nyaburanga bashobora kwigirira icyizere.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa

Lumens ni iki?

Lumens zipima aurumuri rwose rw'amatara yo mu mutwe. Umubare munini w'urumuri muri rusange ugaragaza urumuri rwinshi cyane. Ibikorwa bitandukanye bisaba urwego rutandukanye rw'urumuri kugira ngo umuntu ashobore kubona neza kandi agire umutekano.

Kuki uburyo bw'urumuri rutukura ari ingenzi?

Uburyo bw'urumuri rutukura butuma amaso adashobora kubona nijoro. Burinda amaso gukenera kwisubiraho mu mwijima. Ubu buryo kandi burinda ko abandi bareba mu itsinda. Byongeye kandi, butuma bateri ikomeza kubaho.

Igipimo cya IPX bivuze iki?

Igipimo cya IPX kigaragaza ko itara ridashobora kunyura mu mazi. Umubare ukurikira "IPX" ugaragaza urwego rw'uburinzi ku mazi. Imibare myinshi igaragaza ko amazi adashobora kunyura mu mazi, bigatuma aramba mu bihe by'ubushuhe.

Ese nkwiye guhitamo bateri zishobora gusharijwa cyangwa izikoreshwa rimwe?

Bateri zishobora kongera gusharijwa zitanga kuzigama amafaranga mu gihe kirekire ndetse n'inyungu ku bidukikije. Bateri zishobora gukoreshwa mu gihe gito zitanga uburyo bworoshye bwo kuzikoresha no kuzikoresha ahantu henshi.Amatara yo mu mutwe atanga sisitemu zivanze, yemerera abakoresha guhitamo bitewe n'ibyo bakeneye.