Ishyirwa mu byiciro ry'ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba

Panel y'izuba ya silikoni imwe ya kristalo

Ubushobozi bwo guhindura amashanyarazi hakoreshejwe imirasire y'izuba ya monocrystalline silicon ni hafi 15%, aho hejuru cyane igera kuri 24%, ari na yo iri hejuru cyane mu moko yose ya mirasire y'izuba. Ariko, ikiguzi cyo kuyikora ni kinini cyane, ku buryo idakoreshwa cyane kandi ku isi yose. Kubera ko monocrystalline silicon muri rusange ifungishwa ikirahure gikomeye na resin idapfa amazi, ni ikomeye kandi iramba, ifite ubuzima bwo gukora bugera ku myaka 15 kugeza ku myaka 25.

Ibyuma bikoresha imirasire y'izuba bya polycrystalline

Uburyo bwo gukora imirasire y'izuba ya polysilicon busa n'ubwo muri monocrystalline silicon solar panels, ariko ubushobozi bwo guhindura imirasire y'izuba ya polysilicon bugabanuka cyane, kandi ubushobozi bwo guhindura imirasire y'izuba ya fotosilicon ni hafi 12% (ni yo mirasire y'izuba ya polysilicon ifite ubushobozi bwo gukora ku rugero rwo hejuru ku isi ifite ubushobozi bwo gukora ku rugero rwa 14.8% byagaragajwe na Sharp mu Buyapani ku ya 1 Nyakanga 2004).Ku bijyanye n'ikiguzi cyo gukora, irahendutse ugereranyije n'imashini zikoresha imirasire y'izuba za silicon monocrystalline, ibikoresho byoroshye gukora, bigabanya ikoreshwa ry'ingufu, kandi ikiguzi cyose cyo gukora ni gito, bityo yakozwe mu bwinshi. Byongeye kandi, igihe cyo gukora imashini zikoresha imirasire y'izuba za polysilicon ni gito ugereranyije n'igihe cyo gukora imashini zikoresha imirasire y'izuba za monocrystalline. Ku bijyanye n'imikorere n'igiciro, imashini zikoresha imirasire y'izuba za silicon monocrystalline ni nziza gato.

Panneaux solaire za silikoni zitagira imiterere imwe

Isosi y'izuba ya silikoni idafite ishusho y'umukara ni ubwoko bushya bw'isosi y'izuba yagaragaye mu 1976. Itandukanye rwose n'uburyo bwo gukora isosi y'izuba ya silikoni imwe idafite ishusho y'umukara na silikoni idafite ishusho y'umukara. Uburyo bw'ikoranabuhanga bworoshye cyane, kandi ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho bya silikoni ni rito kandi ikoreshwa ry'ingufu ni rito. Ariko, ikibazo nyamukuru cy'isosi y'izuba ya silikoni idafite ishusho y'umukara ni uko ubushobozi bwo guhindura amashanyarazi ari buke, urwego rwo hejuru mpuzamahanga ruri hafi 10%, kandi ntabwo ruhagaze neza bihagije. Uko igihe kigenda cyongerwa, ubushobozi bwo guhindura amashanyarazi buragabanuka.

Imbuga z'izuba zifite imiterere myinshi

Imbuga z'izuba za Polycompound ni imbuga z'izuba zidakozwe mu bikoresho bimwe bya semiconductor. Hari ubwoko bwinshi bwigwa mu bihugu bitandukanye, inyinshi muri zo zikaba zitaratera imbere mu nganda, harimo izi zikurikira:
A) amapine y'izuba ya cadmium sulfide
B) gallium arsenide solar panels
C) Ibyuma bikoresha imirasire y'izuba bya Copper indium selenium

Ahantu ho gusaba

1. Ubwa mbere, amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba akoreshwa n'umukoresha
(1) Ingufu nto zitanga amashanyarazi kuva kuri 10-100W, zikoreshwa mu turere twa kure tudafite amashanyarazi nko mu misozi miremire, ku kirwa, mu turere tw’inyamaswa, ku mipaka n’andi mashanyarazi y’ingabo n’abasivili, nk’amatara, televiziyo, radiyo, n’ibindi; (2) Sisitemu yo kubyaza amashanyarazi umuryango ufite 3-5KW; (3) Pompe y’amazi ya photovoltaic: yo gukemura amazi menshi yo kunywa no kuhira mu turere tudafite amashanyarazi.

2. Ubwikorezi
Nk'amatara yo kuyobora, amatara y'ibinyabiziga/amatara ya gari ya moshi, amatara yo kuburira/amatara y'ibimenyetso by'umuhanda, amatara yo ku muhanda, amatara y'ibirango byo mu misozi miremire, utuzu twa telefoni zitagira umugozi zo mu muhanda/gari ya moshi, umuriro w'amashanyarazi wo mu rwego rwo hejuru, n'ibindi.

3. Urwego rw'itumanaho/itumanaho
Sitasiyo ya mikoroonde idakoreshwa n'izuba, sitasiyo yo gusana insinga z'amashanyarazi, sisitemu y'amashanyarazi yo gusakaza/itumanaho/paging; Sisitemu ya terefone itwara amashanyarazi mu cyaro, imashini nto y'itumanaho, amashanyarazi ya GPS ku basirikare, n'ibindi.

4. Ibigo bya peteroli, iby'inyanja n'iby'ikirere
Sisitemu y'ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba irinda imiyoboro ya peteroli n'irembo ry'ikigega cy'amazi, ingufu z'ubuzima n'izihutirwa zo gucukura peteroli, ibikoresho byo kugenzura inyanja, ibikoresho byo kureba ikirere/amazi, nibindi.

5. Amatara atanu, amatara y'umuryango n'amashanyarazi
Nk'itara ry'izuba ryo mu busitani, itara ryo ku muhanda, itara ry'amaboko, itara ryo gukambika, itara ryo gutembera mu misozi, itara ryo kuroba, itara ry'umukara, itara rya kole, itara rizigama ingufu n'ibindi.

6. Sitasiyo y'amashanyarazi ya photovoltaic
sitasiyo y'amashanyarazi yigenga ya 10KW-50MW, sitasiyo y'amashanyarazi yuzuzanya n'umuyaga (inkwi), sitasiyo nini zitandukanye zo gushyushya imodoka, n'ibindi.

Indwi, inyubako zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba
Guhuza ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba n'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi bizatuma inyubako nini z'ejo hazaza zigera ku kwihaza mu mashanyarazi, ari na cyo cyerekezo gikomeye cy'iterambere mu gihe kizaza.

Viii. Utundi duce turimo
(1) Ibinyabiziga bifasha: imodoka zikoresha imirasire y'izuba/imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi, ibikoresho byo gusharija bateri, ibikoresho bitanga umwuka mwiza mu modoka, amashyuza ahumeka, udusanduku tw'ibinyobwa bikonje, nibindi; (2) uburyo bwo gukora hydrogen y'izuba na sisitemu yo kuvugurura amashanyarazi; (3) Ingufu zikoreshwa mu gusohora umunyu mu mazi yo mu nyanja; (4) Satelite, ibyogajuru, sitasiyo z'amashanyarazi zikoresha imirasire y'izuba mu kirere, nibindi.