Ibikoresho bya Silicon nibikoresho byibanze kandi byibanze mu nganda ziciriritse. Igikorwa kitoroshye cyo gutunganya inganda zinganda zigomba no guhera ku musaruro wibikoresho bya silicon.
Monocrystalline silicon izuba ryubusitani
Monocrystalline silicon nuburyo bwa silicon yibanze. Iyo silicon yibanze ya elegitoronike ikomera, atome ya silikoni itunganijwe muri kasike ya diyama muri nuclei nyinshi. Niba izo nuclei za kirisiti zikura mu binyampeke hamwe n'icyerekezo kimwe cy'indege ya kirisiti, izo ngano zizahuzwa mu buryo bubangikanye no korohereza muri silikoni ya monocrystalline.
Monocrystalline silicon ifite imiterere yumubiri wa quasi-cyuma kandi ifite ingufu nke zamashanyarazi, ziyongera hamwe nubushyuhe bwiyongera. Muri icyo gihe, silikoni ya monocrystalline nayo ifite amashanyarazi akomeye. Ultra-yera monocrystalline silicon ni semiconductor yimbere. Umuyoboro wa ultra-pure monocrystal silicon urashobora kunozwa wongeyeho ibimenyetso ⅢIbintu (nka boron), kandi P-silicon semiconductor irashobora gushirwaho. Nkokwongeramo ibimenyetso ⅤIbintu (nka fosifore cyangwa arsenic) birashobora kandi kunoza urwego rwimikorere, gushiraho N-silicon semiconductor.
Polysilicon nuburyo bwa silicon yibanze. Iyo silicon yibanze ya elegitoronike ikomera mugihe cya supercooling, atome ya silicon itunganijwe muri nuclei nyinshi za kirisiti muburyo bwa diyama. Niba izo nuclei za kirisiti zikura mubinyampeke hamwe nicyerekezo gitandukanye cya kirisiti, izo ngano zirahuza kandi zigahinduka muri polysilicon. Itandukanye na silikoni ya monocrystalline, ikoreshwa muri elegitoroniki no mu zuba, ndetse na silicon amorphous, ikoreshwa mu bikoresho bya firime yoroheje kandiimirasire y'izuba itara
Itandukaniro no guhuza byombi
Muri silikoni ya monocrystalline, imiterere ya kristu ya kristu irasa kandi irashobora kumenyekana nuburyo bugaragara bwo hanze. Muri silikoni ya monocrystalline, kaseti ya kirisiti ya sample yose irakomeza kandi nta mbibi zifite. Kirisiti nini imwe ni gake cyane muri kamere kandi biragoye kuyikora muri laboratoire (reba recrystallisation). Ibinyuranyo, imyanya ya atome muburyo bwa amorphous igarukira kumurongo mugufi.
Polycrystalline na subcrystalline ibyiciro bigizwe numubare munini wa kristu ntoya cyangwa microcrystal. Polysilicon ni ibikoresho bigizwe na kristu ntoya ntoya. Ingirabuzimafatizo za polycrystalline zirashobora kumenya imiterere ukoresheje urupapuro rugaragara. Icyiciro cya Semiconductor harimo na polysilicon yo mu rwego rwizuba ihindurwamo silikoni ya monocrystalline, bivuze ko kristu ihujwe ku buryo butunguranye muri polysilicon ihindurwamo kristu nini imwe. Silicon ya monocrystalline ikoreshwa mugukora ibikoresho byinshi bya mikorobe ya elegitoroniki. Polysilicon irashobora kugera kuri 99,9999%. Ultra-isukuye polysilicon nayo ikoreshwa mubikorwa byinganda, nka metero 2 - kugeza kuri metero 3 z'uburebure bwa polysilicon. Mu nganda ziciriritse, polysilicon ifite porogaramu haba kuri macro na micro umunzani. Ibikorwa byo gukora silicon ya monocrystalline harimo inzira ya Czeckorasky, gushonga zone hamwe na Bridgman.
Itandukaniro riri hagati ya polysilicon na monocrystalline silicon igaragarira cyane cyane mubintu bifatika. Kubijyanye na mashini na mashanyarazi, polysilicon irutwa na silicon monocrystalline. Polysilicon irashobora gukoreshwa nkibikoresho fatizo byo gushushanya silikoni ya monocrystalline.
1. Kubijyanye na anisotropy yimiterere yubukanishi, ibintu bya optique hamwe nubushyuhe bwumuriro, ntibigaragara cyane kuruta silikoni ya monocrystalline
2. Kubijyanye nimiterere yamashanyarazi, amashanyarazi ya silikoni ya polycristaline ntabwo afite agaciro gake cyane ugereranije na silikoni ya monocrystalline, cyangwa se hafi yumuriro w'amashanyarazi
3, mubijyanye nibikorwa bya shimi, itandukaniro riri hagati yibi ni rito cyane, muri rusange koresha polysilicon cyane
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-24-2023