Itandukaniro riri hagati ya polisilicon na silicon imwe idafite ubuziranenge

Ibikoresho bya silikoni ni byo bikoresho by'ibanze kandi by'ingenzi mu nganda za semiconductor. Uburyo bugoye bwo gukora uruhererekane rw'inganda za semiconductor bugomba no gutangirira ku gukora ibikoresho by'ibanze bya silikoni.

Itara ry'ubusitani rya silikoni rikoresha imirasire y'izuba rya monocrystalline

Silikoni imwe ikoze mu cyuma gitukura ni ubwoko bwa silikoni imwe. Iyo silikoni imwe ikoze mu cyuma gitukura ikomera, atome za silikoni zishyirwa mu cyuma gitukura cya diyama mu cyuma cyinshi cya kristu. Iyo izi kristu zikura zikaba ibinyampeke bifite icyerekezo kimwe cya kristu, izi nkomo zizahuzwa zigahinduka silikoni imwe ikoze mu cyuma gitukura.

Silikoni ya monocrystalline ifite imiterere ifatika ya quasi-metal kandi ifite ubushobozi buke bwo gutwara amashanyarazi, yiyongera uko ubushyuhe bwiyongera. Muri icyo gihe, silikoni ya monocrystalline ifite ubushobozi buke bwo gutwara amashanyarazi. Silikoni ya monocrystalline yuzuye ni semiconductor y’imbere. Uburyo bwo gutwara amashanyarazi bwa silikoni ya monocrystalline yuzuye bushobora kunozwa hakongerwamo ibintu bya trace ⅢA (nka boron), kandi semiconductor ya silikoni yo mu bwoko bwa P ishobora gukorwa. Nk’iyongerwamo ibintu bya trace ⅤA (nka fosifore cyangwa arsenic) nabyo bishobora kunoza urwego rwo gutwara amashanyarazi, bigatuma semiconductor ya silikoni yo mu bwoko bwa N ikorwa.

polysiliconurumuri rw'izuba

Polysilicon ni ubwoko bwa silicon y’ibanze. Iyo silicon y’ibanze ishongeshejwe ikomera bitewe n’uko ishyushye cyane, atome za silicon zishyirwa mu ngirabuzimafatizo nyinshi za kristu mu buryo bwa diyama. Iyo ngirabuzimafatizo za kristu zikura zigahinduka ibinyampeke bifite icyerekezo gitandukanye cya kristu, izi ngano zihurira zikavamo kristu ya kristu. Itandukanye na silicon y’umwimerere, ikoreshwa mu bikoresho bya elegitoroniki n’imisemburo y’izuba, ndetse na silicon idahinduka, ikoreshwa mu bikoresho bya firime nto naamatara yo mu busitani bw'uturemangingo tw'izuba

Itandukaniro n'isano riri hagati y'ibyo byombi

Muri silikoni imwe ikoze mu buryo bwa kristu, imiterere y’urukiramende irangana kandi ishobora kugaragazwa n’ishusho imwe y’inyuma. Muri silikoni imwe ikoze mu buryo bwa kristu, agace ka kristu k’icyitegererezo cyose karakomeza kandi nta mipaka y’ingano gafite. Uduce duto duto twinshi ni duke cyane kandi tugoranye gukora muri laboratwari (reba uburyo bwo kongera gushushanya). Ibinyuranye n’ibyo, imyanya ya atome mu miterere idahinduka igarukira ku buryo bworoshye.

Ibyiciro bya polikristali na subcrystalline bigizwe n'umubare munini wa kristu nto cyangwa microcrystals. Polysilicon ni ibikoresho bigizwe na kristu nto nyinshi za silicon. Uturemangingo twa polikristali dushobora kumenya imiterere binyuze mu buryo bugaragara bw'icyuma. Ibyiciro bya semiconductor birimo polysilicon ifite urwego rw'izuba bihindurwamo silicon imwe, bivuze ko kristu zihujwe mu buryo butunguranye muri polysilicon zihindurwamo kristu nini imwe. Silicon imwe ikoreshwa mu gukora ibikoresho byinshi bya siliconi bifite ikoranabuhanga riciriritse. Polysiliconi ishobora kugera ku buziranenge bwa 99.9999%. Polysiliconi yuzuye kandi ikoreshwa mu nganda za semiconductor, nka polysilicone ifite uburebure bwa metero 2 kugeza kuri 3. Mu nganda za electronics, polysiliconi ifite ikoreshwa ku bipimo bya macro na micro. Inzira zo gukora silicone imwe irimo inzira ya Czeckorasky, gushonga kwa zone na gahunda ya Bridgman.

Itandukaniro riri hagati ya polisilicon na silicon imwe igaragara cyane cyane mu miterere ifatika. Mu bijyanye n'imiterere ya mekanike n'amashanyarazi, polisilicon ni ntoya ugereranyije na silicon imwe isanzwe. Polisilicon ishobora gukoreshwa nk'ibikoresho fatizo byo gukurura silicon imwe isanzwe.

1. Ku bijyanye na anisotropi y'imiterere ya mekanike, imiterere y'urumuri n'imiterere y'ubushyuhe, ntabwo igaragara cyane nka silicone imwe idafite ubutare

2. Ku bijyanye n'imiterere y'amashanyarazi, ubushobozi bwo gutwara amashanyarazi bwa silicon ya polycrystalline ntabwo bunini cyane ugereranyije n'ubwa silicon ya monocrystalline, cyangwa ndetse nta n'ubushobozi bwo gutwara amashanyarazi na bumwe.

3, mu bijyanye n'imikorere ya shimi, itandukaniro riri hagati yabyo ni rito cyane, muri rusange polisilicon ikoreshwa cyane