Ubumenyi bwibanze bwo kumurika hanze

Birashoboka ko abantu benshi batekereza ko itara ari ikintu cyoroshye, bisa nkaho bidakwiye gusesengurwa no gukora ubushakashatsi witonze, kurundi ruhande, gushushanya no gukora amatara meza n'amatara akeneye ubumenyi bukomeye bwa elegitoroniki, ibikoresho, imashini, optique. Gusobanukirwa ibi shingiro bizagufasha gusuzuma ubwiza bwamatara neza.

1. Amatara maremare

Ntibishoboka kubona kure nijoro nta matara yaka. Ntibyoroshye gukora amatara yaka cyane kandi azigama ingufu. Niba itara rifite imbaraga runaka, rirashobora kuzuzwa gaze ya inert, ishobora kuzamura umucyo no kuramba kuramba. Umwihariko nigitambo cyubuzima muguhana urumuri rwinshi rwimbaraga za halogen. Duhereye ku mikoreshereze yo hanze, urebye ikoreshwa ryibintu byinshi, kwiringirwa no gukora igihe kirekire, amatara ya gaze ya inert arakenewe cyane, byanze bikunze, gukoresha amatara maremare ya halogen yamatara nayo afite ibyiza byayo rwose. Bayonet isanzwe hamwe na sock cyangwa ibirenge bidasanzwe byamatara biramenyerewe mumatara azwi cyane. Urebye kuri rusange no korohereza kugura, amatara ukoresheje amatara asanzwe ya bayonet biroroshye gutanga, hamwe nabasimbuye benshi, igiciro gito nubuzima burebure. Amatara menshi yo murwego rwohejuru nayo akoresha amatara ya Halogen xenon hamwe na bayonet, birumvikana ko igiciro cya Halogen kiri hejuru. Ntabwo byoroshye kugura mubushinwa, amatara ya superba mumasoko manini nayo asimbuye imikorere myiza. Kugirango itara rirusheho kuzigama ingufu, rirashobora kugerageza gusa kugabanya ingufu, umucyo nigihe gihora bivuguruzanya, mugihe cyumubyigano runaka, umuyagankuba wagenwe wamatara maremare ni maremare cyane, PETZL SAXO AQUA ikoresha itara rya 6V 0.3A krypton, kugirango ugere kumatara asanzwe ya 6V 0.5A. Mubyongeyeho, igihe cyamahame yo gukoresha bateri enye za AA kigera kumasaha 9, nurugero rwiza rwo kumurika no kuringaniza igihe. Itara ryo mu rugo rya megabor rifite urumuri ruto ruto, rukaba rusimbuwe neza. Birumvikana, nibindi bibazo niba ushaka gusa itara ryaka. Surefire isanzwe, hamwe na cap-lumen 65 imara isaha imwe gusa kuri bateri ebyiri za lithium. Kubwibyo, mugihe ugura amatara, genzura itara ryamatara, ubaze imbaraga zayo zigereranijwe, uhujwe na diameter yikibindi cyamatara, urashobora kugereranya mubyukuri urumuri rugereranijwe, intera ntarengwa no gukoresha igihe, ntuzitiranya byoroshye no kwamamaza gusa.

2. LED

Gushyira mubikorwa bya diode-yumucyo mwinshi uzana impinduramatwara yinganda. Gukoresha ingufu nke nubuzima burebure nibyiza byayo. Gukoresha bateri nyinshi zumye zisanzwe birahagije kugirango ukomeze urumuri rwinshi LED kumasaha menshi cyangwa amagana yamatara. Nyamara, ikibazo gikomeye cya LED muri iki gihe nuko bigoye gukemura icyegeranyo cyumucyo, isoko yumucyo itandukanye ituma idashobora kumurika ubutaka bwa metero 10 nijoro, kandi ibara ryumucyo ukonje naryo rituma kwinjira kwimvura yo hanze, igihu na shelegi bigabanuka cyane. Kubwibyo, mubisanzwe amatara ahujwe nuburyo bwinshi cyangwa ndetse nuburyo bwinshi bwa LED kugirango atezimbere bishoboka, ariko ingaruka ntabwo zigaragara. Nubwo hari hasanzwe imbaraga-nini-nini cyane-yibanda kumurongo, imikorere ntiragera aho isimbuza burundu amatara yaka, kandi ikiguzi ni kinini cyane. Umuvuduko usanzwe wo gutwara amashanyarazi ya LED uri hagati ya 3-3.7V, naho urumuri rwa LED rugaragazwa na mcd, hamwe n amanota menshi nka 5mm na 10mm ya diameter. Ninini ya diameter, hejuru ya mcd agaciro, niko umucyo mwinshi. Kugirango harebwe ingano ningufu zikoreshwa, amatara asanzwe ahitamo urwego rwa 5mm, naho agaciro ka mcd ni 6000-10000. Ariko, kubera umubare munini wabakora LED, imiyoboro myinshi yo murugo LED yanditseho ibinyoma, kandi agaciro kizina ntabwo kwizewe. Muri rusange, imikorere ya LED yamasosiyete yabayapani mubicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga iramenyekana, kandi nayo ni amatara azwi cyane. Kuberako LED ihagije kumurika mumashanyarazi mato cyane, kubwibyo, amazina icumi cyangwa amasaha amagana yamatara asanzwe ya LED agomba kugabanuka cyane mugukoresha nyirizina, wenda amasaha make mbere yuko umucyo uhagije kugirango umurikire inkambi yose, nyuma yamasaha menshi hamwe nayo kugirango ubone ameza biragoye, kubwibyo rero, gushyiraho amatara maremare yo hanze ya LED. Kugeza ubu, LED isanzwe iracyakenewe gukoreshwa nkingando cyangwa ihema nkisoko yumucyo hafi, nayo ninyungu zayo.

3. Igikombe cy'amatara

Ikintu cyingenzi kugirango umenye ubwiza bwurumuri nigaragaza isoko yumucyo - igikono cyamatara. Igikombe gisanzwe cyamatara gishyizwemo ifeza kumasahani ya plastiki cyangwa icyuma. Kubitereko byamatara yimbaraga nyinshi, igikono cyamatara cyicyuma kirushaho gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe, kandi diameter yikibindi cyamatara igena intera yerekana. Mu buryo bumwe, urumuri rwinshi rw'ibikombe by'itara ntabwo aribyiza, ingaruka nziza yikibindi cyamatara ni uruziga rwiminkanyari yimiterere yuruhu rwa orange, igenzura neza itandukanyirizo ryumucyo riterwa nibibara byijimye, kuburyo urumuri ruri mumuri rwinshi kandi rwuzuye. Mubisanzwe, kugira igikono cyuzuye inkeke byerekana icyerekezo cyumwuga mumuri.

4. Lens

Lens irinda itara cyangwa igahuza urumuri. Ubusanzwe ikozwe mubirahuri cyangwa resin. Ikirahure gifite ubushyuhe bwiza, ntabwo cyoroshye gushushanya, gihamye, ariko imbaraga zo gukoresha hanze zirahangayikishije, kandi ikiguzi cyo gutunganya hejuru ya convex nini cyane, urupapuro rwa resin rufasha gutunganya, imbaraga zizewe, uburemere bworoshye, ariko witondere uburinzi kugirango wirinde gusya cyane, mubisanzwe, urumuri rwiza rwo hanze rugomba gutunganyirizwa mumashanyarazi.

5. Batteri

Mubihe byinshi ushobora kwinubira impamvu itara bidatinze nta mashanyarazi, kandi ukaryozwa itara ubwaryo, mubyukuri, guhitamo bateri nabyo ni ingenzi, mubisanzwe, muri rusange, ubushobozi nogusohora amashanyarazi ya bateri isanzwe ya alkaline nibyiza, igiciro gito, biroroshye kugura, bihindagurika cyane, ariko ingaruka nini yo gusohora ntabwo ari byiza, nikel ya hydride yongeye kwishyurwa ni mwinshi cyane, umuvuduko ukabije ni mwinshi, bikwiranye cyane no gukoresha amatara afite ingufu nyinshi, ariko ubukungu bwo gukoresha ntabwo ari bwiza, igiciro cyamashanyarazi ya lithium kiracyahenze muri iki gihe, amatara ahuye ni amatara ya tactique yingufu nyinshi cyane, kubwibyo rero, igice kinini cyamatara yisoko ni ugukoresha bateri ya alkaline ya bateri ikora neza ni byiza, uhereye kumahame, imikorere ya batiri ya Alkaline izagabanuka cyane mubushyuhe bukoreshwa mumashanyarazi, bityo, kubitereko bikwiranye nubushyuhe bukoreshwa, ubushyuhe bwakazi bwa bateri. Birakwiye ko tumenya ko kumatara amwe yatumijwe hanze, nka moderi zimwe na zimwe za PETZL na Princeton, kubera ko electrode mbi ya bateri yumye yo mumahanga yazamutseho gato, imikoranire mibi yamatara yagenewe kuba iringaniye. Iyo ukoresheje bateri zimwe zo murugo hamwe na electrode mbi, haribishoboka guhura nabi. Igisubizo kiroroshye, kongeramo agace gato.

6. Ibikoresho

Amatara, plastike, amatara yibanze agizwe nayo, umubiri wamatara wicyuma urakomeye kandi uramba, urumuri rusanzwe hamwe na aluminiyumu ikomeye ikoreshwa, nibiba ngombwa, itara ryicyuma rikoreshwa cyane nkigikoresho cyo kwikingira, ariko ibyuma rusange ntabwo birwanya ruswa, biremereye cyane, kubwibyo ntibikwiriye gukoreshwa no gucana amatara, gukoresha ubushyuhe bukabije, bikoreshwa no gukwirakwizwa no gukwirakwizwa no gukonjesha icyarimwe, ariko nanone biganisha ku gukwirakwizwa no gukwirakwizwa no gukonjesha icyarimwe, ariko kandi biganisha ku gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bukabije, ariko bikanakoreshwa mu gihe kimwe, ariko kandi biganisha ku gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bukabije, ariko bikanatwara ubushyuhe bukabije, ariko bikanatwara ubushyuhe bukabije, ariko bikanatwara ubushyuhe bukabije, ariko bikanatwara ubushyuhe bukabije. Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwa plastike yubuhanga, polyakarubone, ABS / polyester, fibre polycarbonate yibirahure byongerewe imbaraga, polyimide nibindi, imikorere nayo iratandukanye cyane, fata fibre yibirahuri ya polyikarubone ishimangirwa nkurugero, imbaraga zayo zirahagije kugirango uhangane nibidukikije bitandukanye byo hanze, kurwanya ruswa, kwikingira, uburemere bwamatara, ni itara ryiza. Ariko plastike isanzwe ya ABS ikoreshwa kumatara ahendutse ni igihe gito kandi ntabwo iramba. Witondere kubyitondera mugihe ugura. Muri rusange, birashobora gutandukanywa no kumva gukanda cyane.

7. Hindura

Igenamiterere rya itara ryerekana uburyo bworoshye bwo gukoresha. Urufunguzo rwo kunyerera rusa nicyuma cyerekana icyuma kiroroshye kandi cyoroshye, ariko kuvuka ntibishobora kuba bitarimo amazi, biragaragara ko bidakwiriye. Rubber gusunika-buto kuri feri ya magnesium D byoroshye kuba bitarimo amazi kandi byoroshye, ariko biragaragara ko bidakwiriye mubihe nko kwibira, kandi umuvuduko mwinshi wamazi urashobora gutera kumeneka. Imashini yumurizo wumurizo irazwi cyane mumatara mato, cyane cyane yoroshye kumuri kandi maremare maremare, ariko imiterere yayo igoye kuzirikana ubukana no kwizerwa nikibazo, guhura nabi mumatara amwe azwi yinganda nabyo birasanzwe. Guhinduranya itara ryamatara ni ibintu byoroshye kandi byizewe, ariko birashobora gukora gusa imikorere imwe yo guhinduranya, ntibishobora gushyirwa mubikorwa, biragoye gushushanya imikorere yibanda, imbaraga zidafite amazi meza ntabwo ari nziza (guhinduranya amazi biroroshye kumeneka). Guhindura Knob nikundira gukoresha amatara menshi yo kwibira, imiterere nuburyo bwiza butarinda amazi, byoroshye gukora, byoroshye guhinduranya, kwizerwa cyane, birashobora gufunga, ntibishobora gucanwa.

8. Amashanyarazi

Biroroshye cyane kumenya niba itara ridafite amazi cyangwa ridahari. Witondere neza niba hari impeta yoroshye kandi yoroheje ya reberi muri buri gice cyimurwa cyamatara (capa yamatara, switch, igifuniko cya batiri, nibindi). Impeta nziza cyane ya reberi, ihujwe nigishushanyo mbonera hamwe n’ikoranabuhanga ryiza ryo gutunganya, irashobora no kwemeza ubujyakuzimu butagira amazi bwa metero zirenga 1000. Munsi yimvura nyinshi ntishobora kwemeza ko hatazabaho kumeneka, impamvu nuko elastique ya reberi idahagije kugirango habeho guhuza neza nubuso bwombi. Uhereye ku gishushanyo mbonera, guhinduranya itara hamwe na barrel knob guhinduranya mubyukuri byoroshye cyane bitarimo amazi, urufunguzo rwo kunyerera hamwe no gukanda umurizo biragoye. Ntakibazo cyoguhindura ubwoko ki, nibyiza kudahindura kenshi mugihe ukoresheje amazi, inzira yo guhinduranya niyo yoroshye kwinjira mumazi, mukwibira, uburyo bwizewe cyane ni ugushira amavuta make kumpeta ya reberi, birashobora gufungwa neza, icyarimwe, amavuta nayo afasha mukubungabunga impeta ya reberi, wirinde kwambara bidatinze biterwa no gusaza, nyuma yimyaka myinshi yo gukoresha itara. Igomba gusimburwa mugihe kugirango yizere neza ko ikoreshwa hanze.

9. Umuzunguruko wa voltage

Umuzunguruko wa voltage ugomba kuba mwiza cyane wamatara yateye imbere, ikoreshwa ryumuzunguruko wa voltage rifite imirimo ibiri: Umuvuduko wamashanyarazi ya LED isanzwe ni 3-3.6V, bivuze ko byibuze bateri eshatu zisanzwe zigomba guhuzwa murukurikirane kugirango bigerweho neza. Nta gushidikanya, igishushanyo mbonera cyamatara kirabujijwe cyane. Iyanyuma iragaragaza imikoreshereze yumvikana yingufu zamashanyarazi, kugirango voltage itagabanya umucyo hamwe no kwiyongera kwa bateri. Buri gihe komeza urwego rwumvikana rwurumuri, birumvikana, nanone byorohereza urumuri rwo guhindura ibintu. Ibyiza bifite ibibi, umuzunguruko wa voltage mubisanzwe bizatakaza byibuze 30% byingufu zamashanyarazi, kubwibyo, mubisanzwe bikoreshwa mukoresha ingufu nke amatara ya LED. Umuzunguruko wa voltage uhinduranya ukoreshwa na PETZL ya MYO 5.Umucyo wa LED uhindurwa mubyiciro bitatu kugirango urumuri rwiza rwinzego eshatu LED mumasaha 10, amasaha 30 namasaha 90.

10. Imikorere

Kugirango dukore amatara ntashobora gusa gucana, ariko kandi afite imirimo myinshi yinyongera cyangwa gukoresha byoroshye, hagaragaye ibishushanyo bitandukanye.

Igitambaro cyiza cyane, mubihe byinshi birashobora gutuma amashanyarazi mato mato akina uruhare rwayayoboye amatara yumuriro, amatara menshi yo kwibira akoreshwa murubu buryo butajegajega.

Clip kuri ARC AAA irashobora kwinjizwa mumufuka wishati nkikaramu, nubwo uburyo bwiza cyane ari ukuyikata kugeza kumutwe wawe nkamatara.

L Igishushanyo cyayayoboye itara rishobora gukingirwani byiza. Akayunguruzo tune mu gice cyumurizo kirakwiriye cyane gukoresha ibimenyetso nijoro.

PETZL DUO LED ifite itara ryubatswe, nkuko urumuri rwujuje ibyangombwa rwo hanze rugomba.

ARC LSHP irashobora gukoresha byoroshye uburyo butandukanye bwingufu ukurikije ibikenewe. Impera yinyuma ni CR123A, kabiri CR123A na AA kabiri

Imbaraga zububiko. Niba ufite urumuri rukwegereye gusa, guhindura bateri mukibuga Umukara birashobora kwica. Black Diamond Supernova ifite amashanyarazi 6V iboneka kugirango itange amasaha 10 yahanze LED itaramugihe cyo guhindura bateri cyangwa iyo bateri irangiye.

Nubwo isuzuma ryanjye bwite riri hasi cyane, ariko rukuruzi irashobora kwamamazwa hejuru yicyuma cyibikorwa biracyashimwa.

Gannet ya gyro-gun II, byoroshye gukoresha nk'itara, itara cyangwa ahantu hatandukanye