Birashoboka ko abantu benshi batekereza ko itara ari ikintu cyoroshye, bisa nkaho bidakwiye gusesengurwa no gukora ubushakashatsi witonze, kurundi ruhande, gushushanya no gukora amatara meza n'amatara akeneye ubumenyi bukomeye bwa elegitoroniki, ibikoresho, imashini, optique.Gusobanukirwa ibi shingiro bizagufasha gusuzuma ubwiza bwamatara neza.
1. Amatara maremare
Ntibishoboka kubona kure nijoro nta matara yaka.Ntibyoroshye gukora amatara yaka cyane kandi azigama ingufu.Niba itara rifite imbaraga runaka, rirashobora kuzuzwa gaze ya inert, ishobora kuzamura umucyo no kuramba kuramba.Umwihariko nigitambo cyubuzima muguhana urumuri rwinshi rwimbaraga za halogen.Duhereye ku mikoreshereze yo hanze, urebye ikoreshwa ryibintu byinshi, kwiringirwa no gukora igihe kirekire, amatara ya gaze ya inert arakenewe cyane, byanze bikunze, gukoresha amatara maremare ya halogen yamatara nayo afite ibyiza byayo rwose.Bayonet isanzwe hamwe na sock cyangwa ibirenge bidasanzwe byamatara biramenyerewe mumatara azwi cyane.Urebye kuri rusange no korohereza kugura, amatara ukoresheje amatara asanzwe ya bayonet biroroshye gutanga, hamwe nabasimbuye benshi, igiciro gito nubuzima burebure.Amatara menshi yo murwego rwohejuru nayo akoresha amatara ya Halogen xenon hamwe na bayonet, birumvikana ko igiciro cya Halogen kiri hejuru.Ntabwo byoroshye kugura mubushinwa, amatara ya superba mumasoko manini nayo asimbuye imikorere myiza.Kugirango itara rirusheho kuzigama ingufu, rishobora gusa kugerageza kugabanya imbaraga, umucyo nigihe gihora bivuguruzanya, mugihe habaye voltage runaka, umuyagankuba wagenwe wamatara ni muremure cyane, PETZL SAXO AQUA ikoresha 6V 0.3A itara rya krypton, kugirango ugere ku ngaruka zisanzwe 6V 0.5A.Mubyongeyeho, igihe cyamahame yo gukoresha bateri enye za AA kigera kumasaha 9, nurugero rwiza rwo kumurika no kuringaniza igihe.Itara ryo mu rugo rya megabor rifite urumuri ruto ruto, rukaba rusimbuwe neza.Birumvikana, nibindi bibazo niba ushaka gusa itara ryaka.Surefire isanzwe, hamwe na cap-lumen 65 imara isaha imwe gusa kuri bateri ebyiri za lithium.Kubwibyo, mugihe ugura amatara, reba itara ryamatara ya Calibibasi, ubare imbaraga zayo zigereranijwe, uhujwe na diametre yikibindi cyamatara, urashobora kugereranya mubyukuri urumuri rugereranijwe, intera ntarengwa no gukoresha igihe, ntuzitiranya byoroshye nukwamamaza gusa. .
2. LED
Gushyira mubikorwa bya diode-yumucyo mwinshi uzana impinduramatwara yinganda.Gukoresha ingufu nke nubuzima burebure nibyiza byayo.Gukoresha bateri nyinshi zumye zisanzwe birahagije kugirango ukomeze urumuri rwinshi LED kumasaha menshi cyangwa amagana yamatara.Nyamara, ikibazo gikomeye cya LED muri iki gihe nuko bigoye gukemura icyegeranyo cyumucyo, isoko yumucyo itandukanye ituma idashobora kumurika ubutaka bwa metero 10 nijoro, kandi ibara ryumucyo ukonje naryo rituma ryinjira mumvura yo hanze. , igihu na shelegi byagabanutse cyane.Kubwibyo, mubisanzwe amatara ahujwe nuburyo bwinshi cyangwa ndetse nuburyo bwinshi bwa LED kugirango atezimbere bishoboka, ariko ingaruka ntabwo zigaragara.Nubwo hari hasanzwe imbaraga-nini-nini cyane-yibanda kumurongo, imikorere ntiragera aho isimbuza burundu amatara yaka, kandi ikiguzi ni kinini cyane.Umuvuduko usanzwe wo gutwara amashanyarazi ya LED uri hagati ya 3-3.7V, naho urumuri rwa LED rugaragazwa na mcd, hamwe n amanota menshi nka 5mm na 10mm ya diameter.Ninini ya diameter, hejuru ya mcd agaciro, niko umucyo mwinshi.Kugirango harebwe ingano ningufu zikoreshwa, amatara asanzwe ahitamo urwego rwa 5mm, naho agaciro ka mcd ni 6000-10000.Ariko, kubera umubare munini wabakora LED, imiyoboro myinshi yo murugo LED yanditseho ibinyoma, kandi agaciro kizina ntabwo kwizewe.Muri rusange, imikorere ya LED yamasosiyete yabayapani mubicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga iramenyekana, kandi nayo ni amatara azwi cyane.Kuberako LED ihagije kumurika mumashanyarazi mato cyane, kubwibyo, amazina icumi cyangwa amasaha amagana yamatara asanzwe ya LED agomba kugabanuka cyane mugukoresha nyabyo, wenda amasaha make mbere yuko umucyo uhagije kugirango umurikire inkambi yose , nyuma yamasaha menshi hamwe nayo kugirango ibone imbonerahamwe biragoye, kubwibyo, kwishyiriraho ingufu za voltage yoguhindura umuzenguruko wa optimizasiyo yingufu zamashanyarazi nuburyo busanzwe bwamatara maremare yo hanze yo hanze.Kugeza ubu, LED isanzwe iracyakenewe gukoreshwa nkingando cyangwa ihema nkisoko yumucyo hafi, nayo ninyungu zayo.
3. Igikombe cy'amatara
Ikintu cyingenzi kugirango umenye ubwiza bwurumuri nigaragaza isoko yumucyo - igikono cyamatara.Igikombe gisanzwe cyamatara gishyizwemo ifeza kumasahani ya plastiki cyangwa icyuma.Kubitereko byamatara yimbaraga nyinshi, igikono cyamatara cyicyuma kirushaho gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe, kandi diameter yikibindi cyamatara igena intera yerekana.Mu buryo bumwe, urumuri rwinshi rw'ibikombe by'itara ntabwo aribyiza, ingaruka nziza yikibindi cyamatara ni uruziga rwiminkanyari yimiterere yuruhu rwa orange, igenzura neza itandukanyirizo ryumucyo riterwa nibibara byijimye, kugirango ahantu hacana urumuri ni byinshi byibanze kandi bimwe.Mubisanzwe, kugira igikono cyuzuye inkeke byerekana icyerekezo cyumwuga mumuri.
4. Lens
Lens irinda itara cyangwa igahuza urumuri.Ubusanzwe ikozwe mubirahuri cyangwa resin.Ikirahure gifite ubushyuhe bwiza, ntabwo byoroshye gushushanya, bihamye, ariko imbaraga zo gukoresha hanze zirahangayikishije, kandi ikiguzi cyo gutunganya hejuru ya convex nini cyane, urupapuro rwa resin rufasha gutunganya, imbaraga zizewe, uburemere bworoshye, ariko witondere kuburinzi kugirango wirinde gusya cyane, mubisanzwe, urumuri rwiza rwo hanze rugomba gutunganyirizwa mumurongo wa convex lens shitingi, birashobora kuba uburyo bwiza bwo kugenzura urumuri.
5. Batteri
Mubihe byinshi ushobora kwinubira impamvu itara bidatinze nta mashanyarazi, kandi ukaryozwa itara ubwaryo, mubyukuri, guhitamo bateri nabyo ni ingenzi, muri rusange, ubushobozi hamwe nogusohora amashanyarazi ya bateri isanzwe ya alkaline nibyiza, igiciro gito, biroroshye kugura, bihindagurika cyane, ariko ingaruka nini yo gusohora ntabwo ari nziza, nikel icyuma cya hydride hydride yongeye kwishyurwa ingufu za batiri zingana cyane, cycle nubukungu, Ariko igipimo cyo kwikuramo ni kinini, isohoka rya batiri ya lithium ni nibyiza cyane, bikwiranye cyane no gukoresha amatara yingufu nyinshi, ariko ubukungu bwo gukoresha ntabwo ari bwiza, igiciro cyamashanyarazi ya lithium kiracyahenze muri iki gihe, amatara ahuye ni amatara yububasha bukomeye cyane, kubwibyo, benshi cyane y'amatara yo ku isoko ni ugukoresha ibirango-izina rya batiri ya alkaline ikora neza ni byiza, uhereye ku ihame, imikorere ya batiri ya alkaline izagabanuka cyane ku bushyuhe buke, bityo, ku matara akoreshwa ahantu hakonje, inzira nziza ni uguhuza hanze agasanduku ka batiri, hamwe nubushyuhe bwumubiri kugirango umenye ubushyuhe bwakazi bwa bateri.Birakwiye ko tumenya ko kumatara amwe yatumijwe hanze, nka moderi zimwe na zimwe za PETZL na Princeton, kubera ko electrode mbi ya bateri yumye yo mumahanga yazamutseho gato, imikoranire mibi yamatara yagenewe kuba iringaniye.Iyo ukoresheje bateri zimwe zo murugo hamwe na electrode mbi, haribishoboka guhura nabi.Igisubizo kiroroshye, kongeramo agace gato.
6. Ibikoresho
Ibyuma, plastike, amatara yibanze bigizwe na byo, umubiri wamatara wicyuma urakomeye kandi uramba, urumuri rusanzwe hamwe na aluminiyumu ikomeye ikoreshwa, nibiba ngombwa, itara ryicyuma rikoreshwa cyane nkigikoresho cyo kwikingira, ariko icyuma rusange ni ntabwo irwanya ruswa, iremereye cyane, ntabwo rero ibereye kumatara yo kwibira, gutwara neza ubushyuhe bwumuriro, bifasha gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe icyarimwe, ariko kandi biganisha no gukoresha ahantu hakonje, bigoye gukora itara, amafaranga menshi yo gutunganya.Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwa plastiki yubuhanga, polyakarubone, ABS / polyester, fibre fibre fibre ikomezwa, polyimide nibindi, imikorere nayo iratandukanye cyane, fata fibre ya polyikarubone ishimangirwa nkurugero, imbaraga zayo zirahagije kugirango uhangane nibintu bitandukanye y'ibidukikije bikaze hanze, kurwanya ruswa, kubika, uburemere bworoshye, ni itara ryiza no guhitamo itara.Ariko plastike isanzwe ya ABS ikoreshwa kumatara ahendutse ni igihe gito kandi ntabwo iramba.Witondere kubyitondera mugihe ugura.Muri rusange, birashobora gutandukanywa no kumva gukanda cyane.
7. Hindura
Igenamiterere rya itara ryerekana uburyo bworoshye bwo gukoresha.Urufunguzo rwo kunyerera rusa nicyuma cyerekana icyuma kiroroshye kandi cyoroshye, ariko kuvuka ntibishobora kuba bitarimo amazi, biragaragara ko bidakwiriye.Rubber gusunika-buto kuri feri ya magnesium D byoroshye kuba bitarimo amazi kandi byoroshye, ariko biragaragara ko bidakwiriye mubihe nko kwibira, kandi umuvuduko mwinshi wamazi urashobora gutera kumeneka.Imashini yumurizo wumurizo irazwi cyane mumatara mato, cyane cyane yoroshye kumuri kandi maremare maremare, ariko imiterere yayo igoye kuzirikana ubukana no kwizerwa nikibazo, guhura nabi mumatara amwe azwi yinganda nabyo birasanzwe.Guhinduranya itara ryamatara ni ibintu byoroshye kandi byizewe, ariko birashobora gukora gusa imikorere imwe yo guhinduranya, ntibishobora gushyirwa mubikorwa, biragoye gushushanya imikorere yibanda, imbaraga zidafite amazi meza ntabwo ari nziza (guhinduranya amazi biroroshye kumeneka).Guhindura Knob nikundira gukoresha amatara menshi yo kwibira, imiterere nuburyo bwiza butarinda amazi, byoroshye gukora, byoroshye guhinduranya, kwizerwa cyane, birashobora gufunga, ntibishobora gucanwa.
8. Amashanyarazi
Biroroshye cyane kumenya niba itara ridafite amazi cyangwa ridahari.Witondere neza niba hari impeta yoroshye kandi yoroheje ya reberi muri buri gice cyimurwa cyamatara (capa yamatara, switch, igifuniko cya batiri, nibindi).Impeta nziza cyane ya reberi, ihujwe nigishushanyo mbonera hamwe n’ikoranabuhanga ryiza ryo gutunganya, irashobora no kwemeza ubujyakuzimu butagira amazi bwa metero zirenga 1000.Munsi yimvura nyinshi ntishobora kwemeza ko hatazabaho kumeneka, impamvu nuko elastique ya reberi idahagije kugirango habeho guhuza neza nubuso bwombi.Uhereye ku gishushanyo mbonera, guhinduranya itara hamwe na barrel knob guhinduranya mubyukuri byoroshye cyane bitarimo amazi, urufunguzo rwo kunyerera hamwe no gukanda umurizo biragoye.Ntakibazo cyoguhindura ubwoko ki, nibyiza kudahindura kenshi mugihe ukoresheje amazi, inzira yo guhinduranya niyo yoroshye kwinjira mumazi, mukwibira, uburyo bwizewe ni ugushira amavuta make kumpeta ya reberi, birashobora kurushaho gufungwa neza, icyarimwe, amavuta nayo afasha mukubungabunga impeta ya reberi, irinde kwambara imburagihe iterwa no gusaza, nyuma yimyaka myinshi ikoreshwa mumatara, impeta ya reberi nigice cyoroshye cyamatara gusaza .Igomba gusimburwa mugihe kugirango yizere neza ko ikoreshwa hanze.
9. Umuzunguruko wa voltage
Umuzunguruko w'amashanyarazi ugomba kuba mwiza cyane wamatara yateye imbere, ikoreshwa ryumuzunguruko wa voltage rifite imirimo ibiri: Umuvuduko wamashanyarazi ya LED isanzwe ni 3-3.6V, bivuze ko byibuze bateri eshatu zisanzwe zigomba guhuzwa murukurikirane kugirango ugere kuri Ingaruka nziza.Nta gushidikanya, igishushanyo mbonera cyamatara kirabujijwe cyane.Iyanyuma iragaragaza imikoreshereze yumvikana yingufu zamashanyarazi, kugirango voltage itagabanya umucyo hamwe no kwiyongera kwa bateri.Buri gihe komeza urwego rwumvikana rwurumuri, birumvikana, nanone byorohereza urumuri rwo guhindura ibintu.Ibyiza bifite ibibi, umuzunguruko wa voltage mubisanzwe bizatakaza byibuze 30% byingufu zamashanyarazi, kubwibyo, mubisanzwe bikoreshwa mukoresha ingufu nke amatara ya LED.Guhagararira imbaraga za voltage zikoreshwa zikoreshwa na MYO ya PETZL 5. Umucyo wa LED uhindurwa mubyiciro bitatu kugirango urumuri rwiza rwinzego eshatu LED mumasaha 10, amasaha 30 namasaha 90.
10. Imikorere
Kugirango dukore amatara ntashobora gusa gucana, ariko kandi afite imirimo myinshi yinyongera cyangwa gukoresha byoroshye, hagaragaye ibishushanyo bitandukanye.
Igitambaro cyiza cyane, mubihe byinshi birashobora gutuma amashanyarazi mato mato akina uruhare rwayayoboye amatara yumuriro, amatara menshi yo kwibira akoreshwa murubu buryo butajegajega.
Clip kuri ARC AAA irashobora kwinjizwa mumufuka wishati nkikaramu, nubwo uburyo bwiza cyane ari ukuyikata kugeza kumutwe wawe nkamatara.
L Igishushanyo cyayayoboye itara rishobora gukingirwani byiza.Akayunguruzo tune mu gice cyumurizo kirakwiriye cyane gukoresha ibimenyetso nijoro.
PETZL DUO LED ifite itara ryubatswe, nkuko urumuri rwujuje ibyangombwa rwo hanze rugomba.
ARC LSHP irashobora gukoresha byoroshye uburyo butandukanye bwingufu ukurikije ibikenewe.Impera yinyuma ni CR123A, kabiri CR123A na AA kabiri
Imbaraga zububiko.Niba ufite urumuri rukwegereye gusa, guhindura bateri mukibuga Umukara birashobora kwica.Black Diamond Supernova ifite amashanyarazi 6V iboneka kugirango itange amasaha 10 yahanze LED itaramugihe cyo guhindura bateri cyangwa iyo bateri irangiye.
Nubwo isuzuma ryanjye bwite riri hasi cyane, ariko rukuruzi irashobora kwamamazwa hejuru yicyuma cyibikorwa iracyashimwa.
Gannet ya gyro-gun II, byoroshye gukoresha nk'itara, itara cyangwa ahantu hatandukanye
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-14-2022