Kugeza ubu, ibicuruzwa nyamukuru byinganda zimurika LED zirimo:LED amatara yihutirwa, Amatara maremare, LED amatara, amatara n'amatara yo gushakisha, nibindi. Ibicuruzwa byingenzi byinganda zimurika LED murugo harimo: itara ryameza LED, itara ryamatara, itara rya fluorescent hamwe numucyo wo hasi.LED yamurika ibicuruzwa bigendanwa hamwe nibicuruzwa bimurika murugo nibicuruzwa byingenzi mumasoko ya LED yamurika.Hamwe no kurushaho kumenyekanisha ibidukikije ku baguzi, kwiyongera kw'ibikorwa byo hanze no gukora imirimo ya nijoro, ndetse no kuzamuka kw'igipimo cy'imijyi no kwiyongera kw'abaturage mu myaka yashize, umugabane ku isoko haba amatara ya LED ndetse n'ibicuruzwa bimurika amazu bizagenda byiyongera.
Muri make, urumuri rwa LED ruri mugihe gikuze kandi gihamye cyo gukura byihuse nisoko rihoraho.
1. Iterambere ryikoranabuhanga mu nganda niterambere rusange murwego rwa tekiniki rwinganda
(1) Ikoreshwa rya enterineti yibintu
Hamwe niterambere ryurugo rwubwenge na interineti yibintu, hamwe no kuzamura no guhindura ibicuruzwa, ibicuruzwa byo kumurika amazu LED bigenda bitera imbere buhoro buhoro biganisha ku bwenge, mu buryo bwikora no kwishyira hamwe, kugira ngo abakiriya babone ibyo bakeneye mu bikoresho by’urugo.Binyuze kuri Wi-FiMAC / BB / RF / PA / LNA hamwe nubundi buryo bwikoranabuhanga butagira umugozi, ibikoresho byo kumurika inzu LED nibindi bikoresho byamashanyarazi nka firigo, ibyuma bifata ibyuma bikonjesha, televiziyo, nibindi, kugirango ukore sisitemu yibintu;Kumva urumuri, kugenzura amajwi, kumva ubushyuhe hamwe nubundi buryo bwikoranabuhanga birashobora guhita bihinduka kurwego rwo hejuru rwihumure ukurikije ibidukikije, kugirango abakiriya babone uko bahumuriza nubwenge.
(2) Ikoranabuhanga rya Batiri
Bitewe n'umwihariko wibicuruzwa bimurika bigendanwa bikoreshwa mukubura amashanyarazi hamwe n’ibidukikije byo hanze, hasabwa ibisabwa cyane kubuzima bwa bateri, umutekano, kurengera ibidukikije, umutekano hamwe nubuzima bwa cycle ya bateri.Imikorere ihanitse, ubukungu nibikorwa bifatika, kurengera ibidukikije no gutunganya ibicuruzwa bizahinduka icyerekezo cyiterambere cya bateri zigendanwa.
(3) Gutwara tekinoroji yo kugenzura
Bitewe nibiranga amatara yamatara ngendanwa, amatara arasabwa kuba byoroshye gutwara no kuyakoresha, imikorere yumuriro w'amashanyarazi, irashobora gukoreshwa inshuro nyinshi, kunanirwa kw'amashanyarazi no kunanirwa kw'amatara amajwi n'amatara yumucyo, kwikuramo amakosa, gutoroka no gutabara ibiza kumurika nibindi bikorwa, gutanga amashanyarazi gusimbuka, kwiyongera, urusaku nibindi bintu byinshi bitajegajega bizatuma itara ridahinduka cyangwa kunanirwa.Hamwe no gukundwa kwamashanyarazi ya LED, urufunguzo rwo kuzamura ubuziranenge bwibintu byongera kwishyurwa amatara ya LED ni ugutezimbere imiyoboro ihoraho-yimodoka ifite imiterere yoroshye kandi ikora neza, kandi igakora umuzenguruko usanzwe, usanzwe kandi wuburyo bwo kugenzura ibintu biranga gusubizwa inyuma amatara ya LED.
2. Inzira yo kuvugurura ikoranabuhanga, ubushakashatsi bwibicuruzwa bishya hamwe niterambere ryiterambere, ubushobozi bwisoko nimpinduka
(1) uburyo bwo kuvugurura ikoranabuhanga
Kugeza ubu, LED itanga isoko irenga 45% yibicuruzwa bimurika.Hamwe nisoko rinini ryamasoko yinganda za LED zikurura ubwoko bwose bwabakora kwinjira.Hamwe nogukoresha buhoro buhoro tekinolojiya mishya muriki gice, ibigo birashobora gusa gukomeza urwego rwiterambere rwikoranabuhanga muguhora dushya kandi twinjiza tekinolojiya mishya, inzira nshya nibikoresho bishya mubisabwa mubicuruzwa.Nkigisubizo, kuzamura inganda mu ikoranabuhanga birihuta.
(2) Ubushakashatsi bushya nibicuruzwa byiterambere
Gahunda nshya yo guteza imbere ibicuruzwa ikubiyemo:
Icyiciro cyiperereza nubushakashatsi: Intego yo guteza imbere ibicuruzwa bishya ni uguhuza ibyo abaguzi bakeneye.Icyifuzo cyabaguzi nicyo shingiro ryicyemezo cyo guhitamo iterambere ryibicuruzwa bishya.Iki cyiciro ahanini ni ugushyira imbere igitekerezo cyibicuruzwa bishya nihame, imiterere, imikorere, ibikoresho nikoranabuhanga ryibicuruzwa bishya mugutezimbere ibitekerezo na gahunda rusange.
Icyiciro nigitekerezo cyicyiciro cyiterambere ryibicuruzwa bishya: muriki cyiciro, ukurikije icyifuzo cyisoko cyamenyeshejwe niperereza hamwe nubuzima bwikigo ubwacyo, suzuma byimazeyo ibisabwa kubakoresha nibigenda byabanywanyi, hanyuma utange igitekerezo n'igitekerezo cyo guteza imbere ibicuruzwa bishya.
Icyiciro gishya cyo gushushanya ibicuruzwa: Igishushanyo cyibicuruzwa bivuga gutegura no gucunga urukurikirane rwimirimo ya tekiniki kuva kugena ibicuruzwa byerekana ibicuruzwa kugirango umenye imiterere yibicuruzwa.Ni ihuriro ryingenzi ryiterambere ryibicuruzwa nintangiriro yuburyo bwo gukora ibicuruzwa.Harimo: icyiciro cyambere cyo gushushanya, icyiciro cya tekiniki, icyiciro cyo gukora igishushanyo mbonera.
.A. Icyitegererezo cyibikorwa byo kugerageza, ikigamijwe ni ugusuzuma ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa, imiterere yibicuruzwa, imikorere nibyingenzi
Gutunganya, kugenzura no kuvugurura ibishushanyo mbonera, kugirango igishushanyo mbonera cyibicuruzwa gikosorwe, ariko kandi no kugenzura tekinoroji yimiterere yibicuruzwa, suzuma ibibazo nyamukuru byimikorere.B. Icyiciro gito cyo kugerageza umusaruro, icyibandwaho muriki cyiciro ni ugutegura inzira, intego nyamukuru nukugerageza inzira yibicuruzwa, kugenzura ko ishobora kwemeza imiterere ya tekiniki yatunganijwe, ubwiza ningaruka nziza zubukungu mubihe bisanzwe byumusaruro (urugero , mubihe byamahugurwa yumusaruro).
Icyiciro cyo gutegura tekinoloji yumusaruro: muriki cyiciro, igomba kuzuza igishushanyo mbonera cyimirimo yose, kugena ibisabwa bya tekinike mubice bitandukanye.
Production Umusaruro usanzwe no kugurisha.
Bifata umwaka umwe kugirango urangize inzira yibicuruzwa bishya bivuye mubushakashatsi, gusama guhanga, gushushanya, icyitegererezo cyikigereranyo, gutegura tekinike kugeza kumusaruro wanyuma.
(3) Ubushobozi bwisoko nicyerekezo
Mu bihe biri imbere, ubushobozi bwisoko ryinganda za LED zizakomeza kwaguka kubera ibintu bikurikira:
Support Inkunga ya politiki yo kurandura itara ryaka mu gihugu ndetse no hanze yarwo no guteza imbere imyumvire y’ibidukikije.Nkigisimbuza amatara yaka nibindi bicuruzwa, ibicuruzwa bimurika LED byagaragaye ko isoko ryiyongera mumyaka yashize.Mu bihe biri imbere, ibicuruzwa bimurika LED bizihutisha gusimbuza ibicuruzwa gakondo bimurika nkamatara yaka kandi bigahinduka ibikoresho byingenzi byo kumurika.
.Kuva hashyirwaho gahunda ya 13 yimyaka itanu, umuvuduko witerambere ryubukungu wazamutse vuba, kandi imiterere yubwoko butandukanye bwakoreshejwe mugukoresha ibicuruzwa byose byagiye bigaragara buhoro buhoro kuzamura urwego no kuzamura urwego.Kuzamura no guhindura imiterere yimikoreshereze itera iterambere niterambere ryinganda zimurika LED.
③ Hamwe n’iterambere rya politiki yo gufungura igihugu, ubufatanye mu bukungu n’ubucuruzi hagati y’Ubushinwa n’ibihugu byo mu karere ka “Umukandara n’umuhanda” bigenda byiyongera buri gihe, ibyo bikaba bitanga umusingi mwiza wo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga kugira ngo urumuri rwa LED rukomeze kwinjira ku isoko mpuzamahanga.Mu masoko atandukanye yo mu karere nka Nijeriya, Pakisitani, Leta zunze ubumwe z'Abarabu n'andi masoko yo hanze.
3. Urwego rwa tekiniki n'ibiranga inganda
Nyuma yimyaka yiterambere, tekinoroji yibanze yibicuruzwa bya LED byibanze kuri: guteza imbere ibicuruzwa no gushushanya, umusaruro wibibaho byamashanyarazi, kubumba inshinge nibindi.
(1) Gutezimbere ibicuruzwa no gushushanya
Ubushakashatsi bwibicuruzwa niterambere ryibishushanyo nigishushanyo mbonera cyibicuruzwa, imiterere yimbere, umuzenguruko hamwe nishusho.Ibikoresho bya tekiniki yo guteza imbere ibicuruzwa no gushushanya nibi bikurikira: a.Huza igishushanyo mbonera n'imiterere y'imbere y'ibicuruzwa (nk'ikibaho cy'umuzunguruko, ikibaho cya pulasitike, n'ibindi), kandi ushushanye ibicuruzwa bishya bihuza imikorere yo kumurika ibicuruzwa n'ibindi bisabwa abakiriya (nk'irondo, gutabara, n'ibindi) hashingiwe ku kwemeza ituze ryumucyo nigihe cyo kugenda;b.Gukemura ubushyuhe no guhungabana byubuyobozi bwumuzunguruko mugihe cyo gukoresha ibicuruzwa;c.Wige uburyo bwo gutwara ubushyuhe nihame ryububiko, gabanya igihe cyo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe mubikorwa byo kubumba, no kunoza umusaruro.
(2) Gutegura no gutanga amashanyarazi
Amashanyarazi meza yo mu rwego rwo hejuru arashobora kuzamura ubuzima bwa serivisi yibicuruzwa, kandi byujuje ibyifuzo byabakiriya kugirango ubukana, ituze kandi bihangane nibicuruzwa bimurika.Tekinoroji yo kubyaza umusaruro amashanyarazi akurikira nuburyo bukurikira: umuzenguruko unyura muburyo bwo gutaka hejuru no gushiramo, hanyuma umusaruro wambere wibikoresho bitanga amashanyarazi urangira binyuze muburyo bwo gukora isuku, gusudira no gusana gusudira, hanyuma inzira yose yo gukora ikaba byuzuye binyuze kumurongo wo kumenya, kumenyekanisha amakosa no gukosora amakosa.Ibiranga tekinike bigaragarira mubyiciro byikora bya SMT no gushyiramo ikoranabuhanga, imikorere ihanitse yo gusudira no gusana tekinoroji yo gusudira, hamwe no kumenya neza ikibaho gitanga amashanyarazi.
(3) tekinoroji yo gutera inshinge
Tekinoroji yo gutera inshinge ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gushonga no gukanda plastike hifashishijwe ibikoresho byihariye, kugirango igere ku bicuruzwa byiza bifite ubushyuhe nyabwo, igihe n’igenzura ry’umuvuduko, no kubahiriza ibisabwa byo gutandukanya ibicuruzwa n’imikorere yihariye.Urwego rwa tekiniki rugaragarira muri: (1) urwego rwo gukoresha imashini, binyuze mugutangiza ibikoresho byikora, kugabanya inshuro zikorwa ryintoki, gushyira mubikorwa uburyo bwo guteranya imirongo isanzwe;Improve Kunoza neza ubwiza bwibicuruzwa no gukora neza, kuzamura igipimo cyujuje ibisabwa cyibicuruzwa, gukora neza, kugabanya ibiciro byibicuruzwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-09-2023